中国机械工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (10): 2446-2457.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.10.007

• 低碳制造工艺与能效提升 • 上一篇    下一篇

面向低碳的激光熔覆过程工艺参数多目标优化

刘丹(), 刘伟军, 刘顺, 杨志刚, 刘榜, 杨国哲, 姜兴宇()   

  1. 沈阳工业大学机械工程学院, 沈阳, 110870
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-02 出版日期:2026-10-25 发布日期:2026-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 姜兴宇
  • 作者简介:刘丹,女,1982年生,博士研究生。研究方向为激光再制造与绿色制造。E-mail: 14734983@qq.com
    姜兴宇*(通信作者),男,1980年生,教授、博士研究生导师。研究方向为激光制造与智能制造。E-mail: xy_jiang9211@sut.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4602202);辽宁省揭榜挂帅项目(2022JH1/10800061);辽宁省教育厅重点攻关项目(LJKZ.Z20220023);沈阳市科学技术计划(23-503-6-01)

Multi-objective Optimization of Process Parameters in Laser Cladding for Low Carbon Emission

LIU Dan(), LIU Weijun, LIU Shun, YANG Zhigang, LIU Bang, YANG Guozhe, JIANG Xingyu()   

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang,110870
  • Received:2025-09-02 Online:2026-10-25 Published:2026-11-10
  • Contact: JIANG Xingyu

摘要:

针对激光熔覆过程中工艺系统能量转化效率低、加工周期长与物耗大等问题,提出一种面向低碳的激光熔覆过程工艺参数多目标优化方法。深入分析了激光熔覆工艺过程碳排放特性,以激光功率、送粉速度及扫描速度作为关键工艺参数,构建以碳排放、粉末利用率及质量(宽高比)为目标的激光熔覆工艺参数多目标优化模型。提出了一种改进的广义差分进化三代算法(GDE3),引入混沌记忆权重因子增强种群多样性,可有效解决算法过早收敛而难以获得最优工艺参数问题。以Fe3O4不锈钢为实验材料,开展了激光熔覆实验,实验结果表明,优化后的激光熔覆工艺碳排放降低25%,粉末利用率提高19%,熔覆层质量与性能显著提高。

关键词: 激光熔覆, 多目标优化, GDE3, 碳排放

Abstract:

To address issues such as the low energy conversion efficiency of the process system, long processing cycles, and high material consumption during laser cladding, a multi-objective optimization method for laser cladding process parameters oriented toward low carbon emissions was proposed. An in-depth analysis of the carbon emission characteristics in the laser cladding process was conducted. Taking laser power, powder feeding rate, and scanning speed as key process parameters, a multi-objective optimization model for laser cladding process parameters was established, with carbon emissions, powder utilization rate, and quality (aspect ratio) as the optimization objectives. An improved third-generation generalized differential evolution (GDE3) algorithm was proposed, which incorporated a chaotic memory weight factor to enhance population diversity. This effectively addresses the issue of premature convergence of the algorithm, thereby facilitating the acquisition of optimal process parameters. Using Fe3O4 stainless steel as the experimental material, laser cladding experiments were conducted. The results show that the optimized laser cladding process reduces carbon emissions by 25%, increases powder utilization by 19%, and significantly improves the quality and performance of the cladding layer.

Key words: laser cladding, multi-objective optimization, GDE3, carbon emissions

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