Abstract: In order to analyze the impacting characteristics and improve landing safety of the full ocean depth landing vehicles, the landing processes were divided into 6 imitated landing states based on the rules of diving-floating and landing motion, the landing impact model of the full ocean depth landing vehicles was numerically simulated using an explicit dynamics method, and therefore the improvement design of vehicle’s tension wheel brackets was carried out. The maximum stresses of six imitated landing states before and after the improvement of the vehicle’s tension wheel bracket were analyzed, and the response characteristics of impacting rocky and muddy ground were compared and analyzed respectively. Results demonstrate that the improved tension wheel brackets have obvious cushioning effect, the maximum stresses of the landing vehicles when impacting the rocky ground and muddy ground are reduced to 13% and 30％, respectively. The concentrated stress of vehicles may be reduced by spring damping structure, while the stiffness coefficient has little effects on the impacting stress. According to the numerical simulation results of the landing states, the improved vehicle structure has higher safety, and a theoretical basis is provided for developing the full ocean depth landing vehicles which may adapt to complex seabeds.

Key words: numerical simulation, deep-sea landing vehicle, landing characteristic, impacting response

摘要： 为分析全海深着陆车冲击特性并提高着底安全性，基于潜浮和着底运动的规律，将着底过程划分为6种拟着底状态，采用显式动力学方法对着底冲击模型进行数值模拟，并对张紧轮支架进行了改进设计；分析6种拟着底状态下着陆车张紧轮支架改进前后的最大应力，并对比分析了岩石地面和泥质地面的冲击响应特性。研究结果表明：张紧轮支架改进后具有明显的缓冲作用，着陆车冲击岩石地面和泥质地面的最大应力分别减小到原来的13％和30％；弹簧阻尼结构可降低车体的集中应力，但其刚度系数对冲击应力影响较小。由着陆车各状态数值模拟结果可知，改进后的车体结构具有更高的安全性，为研制可适应复杂海底的全海深着陆车提供理论依据。

关键词: 数值模拟, 深海着陆车, 着底特性, 冲击响应