China Mechanical Engineering ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (07): 860-866,881.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.07.013

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Quantitative Evaluation Method of Defects Based on Transient Characteristics of PMFL

XU Peng1,2;FANG Zhou1,2;WANG Ping1,2;GENG Ming3;XU Yong3   

  1. 1. College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106
    2. Key Laboratory of Non-destructive Testing and Monitoring Technology of Highspeed Transportation Facilities of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Nanjing, 211106
    3. China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co.,Ltd., Wuhan, 430063
  • Online:2021-04-10 Published:2021-04-16

基于脉冲漏磁暂态特征的缺陷量化评估方法

许鹏1,2;方舟1,2;王平1,2;耿明3;许勇3   

  1. 1. 南京航空航天大学自动化学院,南京,211106
    2. 工业和信息化部高速载运设施的无损检测和监控技术重点实验室,南京,211106
    3. 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司,武汉,430063
  • 作者简介:许鹏,男,1980年生,副教授。研究方向为电磁无损检测。E-mail: xupeng@nuaa.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2018YFB2100903);
    国家自然科学基金重大项目(61527803);
    中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划(2017G003D);
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(NJ2020014)

Abstract: Rail head transverse cracks were a kind of rail damages that possessed the greatest threat to railway traffic. Therefore, simultaneously quantifying the surface and subsurface defects of the rails were of great significance. A new defect evaluation method was presented based on the transient features of PMFL detection signals, which allowed simultaneous evaluation of the depth and burial depth of surface or subsurface defects. The detection signals fluctuated on the rising edges when the excitation was large and two novel features were extracted from this phenomenon. The functional relationships among the features and the defect parameters were established, thus the measured defects could be quantitatively evaluated. Finally, three other defects were used to verify this method, and the evaluation and actual data errors of the defects depth and burial depth are all within 0.2 mm.

Key words: pulsed magnetic flux leakage(PMFL), track inspection, defect quantitative evaluation, feature extraction

摘要: 轨头核伤是对铁路行车威胁最大的一种钢轨损伤,因此同时检测出钢轨的表面和近表面埋藏缺陷对保障铁路的安全运行有着重要意义。基于从脉冲漏磁检测信号中提取的暂态特征,研究了轨道缺陷评估新方法,该方法可以同时评估表面和近表面埋藏缺陷的深度及埋藏深度。当施加激励较大时,漏磁信号在上升沿存在波动现象。从波动信号中提取两个新的信号特征,建立信号特征与缺陷参数之间的函数关系,并据此对被测缺陷进行了量化评估。使用上述方法对三个新的缺陷进行量化评估,得到的缺陷深度和埋藏深度的评估值与真实值误差均在0.2 mm以内,验证了该评估方法的可行性。

关键词: 脉冲漏磁, 轨道探伤, 缺陷量化评估, 特征提取

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