Numerical Simulation and Experimental Investigation of Flow Fields in Vehicle Climatic Chambers

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.17.011

Abstract

Abstract: The experimental method was used to study the wind velocity distribution， boundary layer thickness， axial static pressure gradient and dynamic pressure stability and other flow field characteristics in the vehicle climatic chambers without a car. The numerical simulation method was used to establish a 1∶1 model of the vehicle climatic chambers， and the interference effects of various experimental facilities and equipment on the flow field in the climatic chambers were considered， and the numerical simulation of the flow field distribution in the climatic chambers was conducted. The results show that the flow field in the vehicle climatic chambers is relatively turbulent， and the flow field in the test section results show a dispersive jet state. The wind speed distribution at the outlet of the main fan is not uniform， and the difference between the highest and lowest wind speeds is as 36 km/h. The wind speed decays significantly after the airflow from the fan， and the axial static pressure gradient changes greatly. The boundary layer of the airflow in the test section is thicker， and the thickness of the boundary layer increases the farther away from the fan center direction. The numerical simulation results show that the installation position and size of the main fan have some influences on the flow field of the climatic chambers， and increasing the size of the fan outlet may improve the flow field quality of the climatic chamber test sections.

Key words: vehicle climatic chamber, flow field characteristic, numerical simulation, flow field experiment, flow field optimization

摘要： 采用实验方法研究了汽车环境舱在无车状态下的风速分布、边界层厚度、轴向静压梯度以及动压稳定性等流场特性；采用数值模拟方法建立1∶1的汽车环境舱模型，考虑环境舱内各种实验设施设备对流场的干扰效应，对环境舱内的流场分布进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明：汽车环境舱内的流场比较紊乱，试验段的流场呈现发散射流状态；主风机出口风速分布不均匀，最高风速与最低风速之间相差36 km/h；气流从风机流出后风速衰减明显，轴向静压梯度变化大；试验段内气流的边界层较厚，距离风机中心方向越远边界层厚度不断增大；数值仿真结果表明主风机的安装位置和尺寸对环境舱流场有一定影响，增大风机出风口的尺寸可以改善环境舱试验段的流场品质。

关键词: 汽车环境舱, 流场特性, 数值仿真, 流场实验, 流场优化

CLC Number:

U467.13

XU Xiang, ZHANG Yilun, MEI Zheng, LI Jian, WANG Dan, MU Liansong. Numerical Simulation and Experimental Investigation of Flow Fields in Vehicle Climatic Chambers[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 34(17): 2115-2123.

许翔, 张艺伦, 梅铮, 李建, 王丹, 牟连嵩. 汽车环境舱流场的数值模拟与实验研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2023, 34(17): 2115-2123.

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