中国机械工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 1345-1352.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.06.008
• 陶瓷增材制造工艺及性能 • 上一篇
姜世杰1,2(
), 郭佳欣1, 刁龙越1, 刘显赫1, 王金榜1, 王宁1
收稿日期:2025-07-18
出版日期:2026-06-25
发布日期:2026-07-17
通讯作者:
姜世杰
作者简介:姜世杰*(通信作者),男,1985年生,副教授,博士。研究方向为熔丝成形增材制造技术。发表论文50余篇。E-mail: jiangsj@me.neu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
JIANG Shijie1,2(
), GUO Jiaxin1, DIAO Longyue1, LIU Xianhe1, WANG Jinbang1, WANG Ning1
Received:2025-07-18
Online:2026-06-25
Published:2026-07-17
Contact:
JIANG Shijie
摘要:
以氧化锆为原材料,结合五组分黏合剂,自主制备了陶瓷粉末/聚合物复合丝材;然后利用陶瓷材料挤出成形技术(CME)制备了生坯试件;进而通过脱脂烧结工艺完成了高精度多孔ZrO2生物陶瓷支架的成形;最后通过实验表征了支架的物理属性、微观结构、力学性能及生物相容性等参数,揭示了CME制品工艺-结构-性能间的关联。研究结果表明:烧结支架试件密度达5.90~5.99 g/cm³(相对密度97.44%~98.99%),孔隙率稳定可控,且各向同性收缩有效避免了传统烧结的尺寸畸变;支架表面亲水性优异,力学性能与人体骨组织相匹配,且生物安全性良好(细胞活力大于60%)。
中图分类号:
姜世杰, 郭佳欣, 刁龙越, 刘显赫, 王金榜, 王宁. ZrO2生物陶瓷挤出成形支架及其性能研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2026, 37(6): 1345-1352.
JIANG Shijie, GUO Jiaxin, DIAO Longyue, LIU Xianhe, WANG Jinbang, WANG Ning. Study on ZrO2 Bio-ceramic Material Extrusion Scaffolds and Properties[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 37(6): 1345-1352.
| 试件 | 模型 | 尺寸/mm | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| L | T | W | ||
亲水性试件 | ![]() | 25 | 2 | |
压缩试件 | ![]() | 15 | 15 | 15 |
细胞毒性试件 | ![]() | 12 | 1.5 | |
表1 试件整体尺寸
Tab.1 Overall dimensions of specimens
| 试件 | 模型 | 尺寸/mm | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| L | T | W | ||
亲水性试件 | ![]() | 25 | 2 | |
压缩试件 | ![]() | 15 | 15 | 15 |
细胞毒性试件 | ![]() | 12 | 1.5 | |
| 过程参数 | 数值 |
|---|---|
| 喷嘴直径/mm | 0.6 |
| 成形温度/℃ | 240 |
| 成形速度/(mm·s | 25 |
| 床温/℃ | 100 |
| 线宽/mm | 0.6 |
| 层厚/mm | 0.2 |
表2 过程参数设置
Tab. 2 Process parameter settings
| 过程参数 | 数值 |
|---|---|
| 喷嘴直径/mm | 0.6 |
| 成形温度/℃ | 240 |
| 成形速度/(mm·s | 25 |
| 床温/℃ | 100 |
| 线宽/mm | 0.6 |
| 层厚/mm | 0.2 |
| 试件 | 脱脂率/% | 理论脱脂率/% | 误差/% |
|---|---|---|---|
| H-1 | 18.34 | 18.35 | 0.03 |
| H-2 | 18.34 | 0.01 | |
| H-3 | 18.39 | 0.26 | |
| H-4 | 18.33 | 0.06 | |
| H-5 | 18.33 | 0.08 | |
| D-1 | 18.33 | 0.09 | |
| D-2 | 18.36 | 0.07 | |
| D-3 | 18.31 | 0.20 | |
| D-4 | 18.33 | 0.11 | |
| D-5 | 18.37 | 0.11 |
表3 CME试件的脱脂率
Tab. 3 Debinding rate of CME specimens
| 试件 | 脱脂率/% | 理论脱脂率/% | 误差/% |
|---|---|---|---|
| H-1 | 18.34 | 18.35 | 0.03 |
| H-2 | 18.34 | 0.01 | |
| H-3 | 18.39 | 0.26 | |
| H-4 | 18.33 | 0.06 | |
| H-5 | 18.33 | 0.08 | |
| D-1 | 18.33 | 0.09 | |
| D-2 | 18.36 | 0.07 | |
| D-3 | 18.31 | 0.20 | |
| D-4 | 18.33 | 0.11 | |
| D-5 | 18.37 | 0.11 |
| 试件 | 密度/(g∙cm | 理论密度/(g∙cm | 相对密度/% |
|---|---|---|---|
| H-1 | 5.94 | 6.05 | 98.17 |
| H-2 | 5.99 | 98.99 | |
| H-3 | 5.96 | 98.43 | |
| H-4 | 5.97 | 98.68 | |
| H-5 | 5.94 | 98.18 | |
| D-1 | 5.93 | 97.95 | |
| D-2 | 5.95 | 98.26 | |
| D-3 | 5.90 | 97.44 | |
| D-4 | 5.93 | 98.03 | |
| D-5 | 5.94 | 98.13 |
表4 CME烧结试件的密度和相对密度
Tab. 4 Density and relative density of CME sintered specimens
| 试件 | 密度/(g∙cm | 理论密度/(g∙cm | 相对密度/% |
|---|---|---|---|
| H-1 | 5.94 | 6.05 | 98.17 |
| H-2 | 5.99 | 98.99 | |
| H-3 | 5.96 | 98.43 | |
| H-4 | 5.97 | 98.68 | |
| H-5 | 5.94 | 98.18 | |
| D-1 | 5.93 | 97.95 | |
| D-2 | 5.95 | 98.26 | |
| D-3 | 5.90 | 97.44 | |
| D-4 | 5.93 | 98.03 | |
| D-5 | 5.94 | 98.13 |
| 试件 | x方向收缩率/% | y方向收缩率/% | z方向收缩率/% |
|---|---|---|---|
| H-1 | 26.39 | 26.68 | 26.24 |
| H-2 | 26.17 | 26.62 | 26.06 |
| H-3 | 25.97 | 26.76 | 25.84 |
| H-4 | 26.20 | 26.59 | 26.21 |
| H-5 | 26.07 | 26.43 | 26.05 |
| D-1 | 26.46 | 26.30 | 26.63 |
| D-2 | 26.26 | 26.73 | 26.54 |
| D-3 | 26.52 | 26.43 | 26.28 |
| D-4 | 26.51 | 26.79 | 25.99 |
| D-5 | 26.43 | 26.37 | 26.49 |
表5 CME烧结试件的收缩率
Tab.5 Shrinkage rate of CME sintered specimens
| 试件 | x方向收缩率/% | y方向收缩率/% | z方向收缩率/% |
|---|---|---|---|
| H-1 | 26.39 | 26.68 | 26.24 |
| H-2 | 26.17 | 26.62 | 26.06 |
| H-3 | 25.97 | 26.76 | 25.84 |
| H-4 | 26.20 | 26.59 | 26.21 |
| H-5 | 26.07 | 26.43 | 26.05 |
| D-1 | 26.46 | 26.30 | 26.63 |
| D-2 | 26.26 | 26.73 | 26.54 |
| D-3 | 26.52 | 26.43 | 26.28 |
| D-4 | 26.51 | 26.79 | 25.99 |
| D-5 | 26.43 | 26.37 | 26.49 |
| 试件 | 孔隙率/% | 试件 | 孔隙率/% |
|---|---|---|---|
| H-1 | 55.83 | D-1 | 56.75 |
| H-2 | 57.42 | D-2 | 56.33 |
| H-3 | 57.28 | D-3 | 55.40 |
| H-4 | 56.42 | D-4 | 55.97 |
| H-5 | 57.40 | D-5 | 53.99 |
表6 CME烧结试件的孔隙率
Tab. 6 Porosity of CME sintered specimens
| 试件 | 孔隙率/% | 试件 | 孔隙率/% |
|---|---|---|---|
| H-1 | 55.83 | D-1 | 56.75 |
| H-2 | 57.42 | D-2 | 56.33 |
| H-3 | 57.28 | D-3 | 55.40 |
| H-4 | 56.42 | D-4 | 55.97 |
| H-5 | 57.40 | D-5 | 53.99 |
| 试件 | 抗压强度/MPa | 压缩模量/GPa |
|---|---|---|
| H-1 | 153.05 | 5.68 |
| H-2 | 145.91 | 5.27 |
| H-3 | 148.14 | 6.20 |
| H-4 | 147.14 | 4.75 |
| H-5 | 146.23 | 6.56 |
| D-1 | 120.10 | 5.99 |
| D-2 | 128.67 | 4.91 |
| D-3 | 117.63 | 5.74 |
| D-4 | 119.93 | 4.21 |
| D-5 | 123.74 | 4.94 |
表7 多孔结构试件的抗压强度和弹性模量
Tab.7 Compressive strength and elastic modulus of porous structure specimens
| 试件 | 抗压强度/MPa | 压缩模量/GPa |
|---|---|---|
| H-1 | 153.05 | 5.68 |
| H-2 | 145.91 | 5.27 |
| H-3 | 148.14 | 6.20 |
| H-4 | 147.14 | 4.75 |
| H-5 | 146.23 | 6.56 |
| D-1 | 120.10 | 5.99 |
| D-2 | 128.67 | 4.91 |
| D-3 | 117.63 | 5.74 |
| D-4 | 119.93 | 4.21 |
| D-5 | 123.74 | 4.94 |
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