铆钉裂纹对自冲铆接力学性能影响的仿真与试验研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.02.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过有限元模型模拟了自冲铆接在连接高强度钢时产生的铆钉裂纹，并系统研究了铆钉的裂纹深度、位置和数量对钢铝自冲铆接接头力学性能的影响。首先使用LS-DYNA软件建立了2D轴对称仿真模型来模拟自冲铆接工艺过程，并通过对比试验和仿真的接头剖面验证了仿真模型的准确性。然后采用一种2D-3D有限元模型生成方法建立了模拟接头力学特性的3D仿真接头模型，并使用LS-OPT软件对铆钉断裂参数进行了标定。所建立的接头模型能够准确地模拟自冲铆接接头的力学特性。参数研究的结果表明：接头的力学性能随着裂纹深度的增大而下降，且随着外部裂纹位置的向下移动而逐渐增强，但内部裂纹的影响不大；当铆钉存在多个裂纹时，接头力学性能取决于最弱的裂纹，与裂纹数量无关。

关键词: 自冲铆接, 裂纹, 仿真模型, 力学性能

Abstract: The rivet cracks generated in joining high-strength steels using SPR were simulated through finite element model, and the effects of rivet crack depth, crack position, and crack quantity on the mechanics properties of steel-aluminum SPR joints were systematically investigated. Firstly, a 2D axisymmetric numerical model was established using LS-DYNA software to simulate the SPR processes, and the accuracy of the numerical model was validated by comparing experimental and simulated joint cross-profiles. Secondly, a 2D-3D finite element model generation method was employed to establish a 3D numerical model of SPR joints to simulate the mechanics properties of SPR joints. The fracture parameters of rivets were calibrated using LS-OPT software. The developed 3D numerical model of SPR joints could accurately predict the mechanics properties of SPR joints. The results of parametric study indicate that the mechanics properties of the SPR joints decrease with increasing crack depth and gradually increase as the external crack position moves downward, but the internal crack has minimal influence. When multiple cracks exist in the rivets, the mechanics properties of the joints depend on the weakest cracks and are independent of the quantity.

Key words: , self-piercing riveting(SPR), crack, numerical model, mechanics property

中图分类号:

TG938

成艾国1, 王超1, 于万元2, 何智成1. 铆钉裂纹对自冲铆接力学性能影响的仿真与试验研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2025, 36(02): 197-208.

CHENG Aiguo1, WANG Chao1, YU Wanyuan2, HE Zhicheng1. Numerical and Experimental Study on Effects of Rivet Crack on Mechanics Properties of Self-piercing Riveted Joints[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 36(02): 197-208.

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链接本文: https://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.02.002

https://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V36/I02/197

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