Research on Dissolution Mechanism of Multi-component Ceramic Phases in Laser Cladding Coatings

Abstract

Abstract: The laser cladding coating materials were based on iron-based powders, with the additions of TiC, WC and SiC multi-component ceramic reinforced phases. The chemical reaction direction and reaction degree in laser cladding processes were analyzed by thermodynamics according to the free energy change theory, and the dissolution mechanism of the ceramic reinforced phases was studied. The research results show that under the given processing parameters and lasers, the coating surface may produce the high temperature of about 2 000~3 000 K. Through the microstructure analysis, it is found that the ceramic materials partially or completely dissolve in the temperature ranges mentioned above, and the free Fe, Cr, Ni plasma or particles in the molten pool react with the decomposed Ti, W, Si and C elements one after another. The materials possess certain metallicity as well as strength and hardness of ceramic phases, such as FeNi2Ti, Fe-Cr-Ni-Si and other new alloy phases or solid solutions, and achieve the effectiveness of strengthening coating properties, which is the same as the results of theoretical analysis model.

Key words: laser cladding, multi-component ceramic phase, free energy change, microstructure, dissolution mechanism

摘要： 激光熔覆层材料以铁基粉末为基础，添加有TiC、WC和SiC多元陶瓷增强相。依据自由能变理论，对激光熔覆过程中的涂层化学反应方向与反应程度进行了热力学分析，研究了所添加陶瓷增强相的溶解机制，结果表明：在设定的工艺参数和激光作用下，涂层表面可产生2 000~3 000 K的高温，通过显微组织分析可以发现，在上述温度范围内陶瓷物质发生了部分甚至完全溶解，且熔池中熔化游离的Fe、Cr、Ni等离子或颗粒先后与陶瓷物质中分解出的Ti、W、Si与C元素发生再反应与互溶，形成了具有一定金属性以及陶瓷相强度和硬度的物质，如FeNi2Ti、Fe-Cr-Ni-Si等新合金相或固溶体，并达到了强化涂层性能的效果。研究结果与理论模型分析结果规律相同。

关键词: 激光熔覆, 多元陶瓷相, 自由能变, 显微组织, 溶解机制

FU Yuming, ZHAO Huayang, ZHENG Lijuan, QI Tong. Research on Dissolution Mechanism of Multi-component Ceramic Phases in Laser Cladding Coatings[J]. China Mechanical Engineering.

付宇明, 赵华洋, 郑丽娟, 齐童. 多元陶瓷相在激光熔覆层中的溶解机制研究[J]. 中国机械工程.

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