Research on Variable Through-flow Turbine with Multiple Sources of Steam Intake

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.07.030

Abstract

Abstract:

To mitigate the efficiency degradation of thermal power units under deep peak regulation， this paper investigates a variable through-flow turbine technology with multi-source steam admission. The steam flow path was reconstructed to enable dynamic adjustment of the through-flow area， establishing a multi-design-point through-flow configuration that maintains high-efficiency operation across the full load range. The high-pressure cylinder incorporates a three-stage variable enthalpy-drop through-flow structure， allowing flexible switching between series and parallel-series modes to sustain elevated steam parameters under peak regulation conditions. Thermodynamic system modeling and economic analysis demonstrate that the proposed technology is advanced， feasible， and promising for engineering applications.

Key words: steam turbine, variable through-flow, multiple sources of steam intake, series, parallel, high efficiency

摘要：

针对新型电力系统建设背景下火电机组参与深度调峰导致运行经济性降低的问题，提出“多源进汽可变通流”汽轮机技术，通过重构蒸汽通流路径动态调整通流面积，构建多设计工况点通流，实现了机组全工况高效运行。汽轮机高压缸采用三段式变焓降通流结构，可在“串联”与“并联+串联”模式间灵活切换，在调峰工况下仍能维持较高蒸汽参数。热力系统建模及经济性分析结果表明，该技术具备先进性、可行性和工程应用价值。

关键词: 汽轮机, 可变通流, 多源进汽, 串联, 并联, 高效率

CLC Number:

TK26

WANG Hongpeng, LI Wenchao, ZHANG Di, TIAN Ziqian, LI Diancheng, REN Wei, HAO Dan, QU Wenbo. Research on Variable Through-flow Turbine with Multiple Sources of Steam Intake[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 37(7): 1794-1802.

王洪鹏, 李文超, 张迪, 田紫芊, 李殿成, 任伟, 郝丹, 曲文波. 多源进汽可变通流式汽轮机技术研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2026, 37(7): 1794-1802.

Figures/Tables 22

Fig.1 Three-stage high-pressure cylinder with multiple sources of steam intake and variable through-flow

Fig.2 Steam flow system of the through-flow high-pressure cylinder

Fig.3 Heat consumption reduction compared with the conventional unit at different load levels

Fig.4 Total steam flow rate of the turbine under different operating conditions

Fig.5 Steam flow rate of the first-stage through-flow

Fig.6 Inlet and outlet steam pressure curves of the first-stage through-flow

Fig.7 Outlet steam temperature profiles of the first-stage through-flow

Tab.1 Steam parameters of the first-stage through-flow under different load levels

负荷率/%	蒸汽流量/（t·h^-1）		出口蒸汽压力/MPa		出口蒸汽温度/℃		出口蒸汽比容/（m³·kg^-1）
负荷率/%	串联运行	并联运行	串联运行	并联运行	串联运行	并联运行	串联运行	并联运行
20	297.0		5.5		484.6		0.050 74
30	434.3		8.5		481.7		0.037 85
45.5	673.3		13.7		478		0.022 02
50	636.3	299.5	16	7.5	500.8	500.1	0.019 33	0.044 69
60	547.1	362.1	19.8	9	542.4	498.7	0.016 48	0.036 65
65	500.1	394.2	22	9.75	560.2	498	0.015 13	0.033 56
70	452.1	449.0	23.5	10.5	576.2	497	0.014 48	0.030 89
80		500.0		12		496		0.026 58
90		564.3		13.5		495		0.023 22
100		636.5		15		493.7		0.020 52

Fig.8 Double tangential worm shell inlet chamber with connection structure of the first-stage through-flow section

Fig.9 Steam inlet chamber and connection structure of the second-stage through-flow

Fig.10 Longitudinal section of high pressure No.2 inner cylinder

Fig. 11 Structure of high pressure No.1 inner cylinder

Fig. 12 Longitudinal section of high pressure No.1 inner cylinder

Fig. 13 Compressive stress contour of the sealing surface of the high-pressure No.1 inner cylinder

Fig. 14 Bolt arrangement on the horizontal split plane of the high-pressure No.1 inner cylinder

Fig. 15 Transient stress field of the rotor during load variation process

Fig. 16 Transient peak stress variation of the rotor with a stress relief groove

Fig. 17 Schematic of high-pressure through-flow with three balancing drums

Tab.2 Total thrust generated by the through-flow and balancing drums with three balancing drums

	负荷率/%
	100	75	45	30	20	100（停高压加热器）	45（停高压加热器）
运行模式	并联	并联	串联	串联	串联	并联	串联
第一段通流推力F_HP1	6917.59	5097.42	7898.92	5237.64	3637.29	6086.52	7335.34
第二段通流推力F_HP2	-7748.07	-5698.78	-5435.60	-3591.83	-2490.45	-6845.78	-5007.57
第三段通流推力F_HP3	-7366.89	-5453.50	-2406.73	-1620.17	-1143.12	-6341.08	-2139.31
三段通流推力之和	-8197.37	-6054.86	56.59	25.62	3.72	-7100.34	188.46
第一段平衡鼓推力	-6915.65	-5095.85	-7895.67	-5235.42	-3635.44	-6085.43	-7332.17
第二段平衡鼓推力	8101.96	5959.05	-557.00	-370.39	-257.66	7158.16	-517.26
第三段平衡鼓推力	6999.31	5186.80	8454.28	5616.55	3913.30	5976.78	7721.17
三段平衡鼓推力之和	8185.62	6050	1.61	10.74	20.2	7049.51	-128.26
通流与平衡鼓推力之和	-11.75	-4.86	58.2	36.36	23.92	-50.83	60.2

Fig. 18 Regenerative extraction steam at loads above 50% THA

Fig. 19 Regenerative extraction steam at loads below 50% THA

Fig. 20 Supplementary steam admission system of the turbine

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