Experimental Investigation of Ultrasonically-assisted Energy-saving Surface Drying Techniques for Wire Materials

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.04.011

Abstract

Abstract:

Conventional wire drying typically relied on high-speed air-jet blowing， which had issues such as extremely thin liquid films on the wire surfaces and a small area affected by the airflow. Applying ultrasonic energy directly to the wire structures so that the solid-liquid interface underwent high-frequency vibration and an ultrasonic atomization effect was produced. An energy-consumption model coupling ultrasonic atomization and high-speed air jets was developed， and comparative experiments were carried out focusing on key parameters such as ultrasonic power and droplet volume. Results show that ultrasound induces rapid droplet spreading and atomization via capillary waves and acoustic cavitation， and the liquid-film removal efficiency is markedly superior to that of air jets. At a droplet volume of 10 $μ L$ and an exposure time of 18 ms， 360 W ultrasound achieves a removal rate of 84.37%， whereas a 450 W high-speed air jet removed only 8.58% of the film. In terms of energy consumption， under conditions producing equivalent removal， ultrasound reduces system energy use by at least approximately 46.7% compared with air jets. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of ultrasonic-assisted rapid， energy-efficient dewatering and drying of wire surfaces.

Key words: wire drying, high-speed air jet, ultrasound-enabled, droplet atomization

摘要：

现有线材干燥采用的高速气流吹除工艺方法存在线材表面液膜极薄、气流作用面积小等问题。将超声能量作用于线材结构，使固液接触面高频振动，产生超声雾化效果。建立了超声雾化与高速空气射流的能耗模型，并围绕超声功率和液滴体积等关键参数开展对比试验测试。研究结果表明：超声通过毛细波与声空化诱发液滴快速铺展与雾化，液膜去除效率显著快于空气射流；在液滴体积10 $μ L$ 、作用时间18 ms下，360 W超声去除率达到84.37%，而450 W高速空气射流对液膜的去除率仅为8.58%；能耗上，在实现同等去除效果的条件下，超声相比空气射流可使系统能耗至少降低约46.67%，表明超声赋能为线材表面快速、节能地除水干燥是可行的。

关键词: 线材干燥, 高速空气射流, 超声赋能, 液滴雾化

CLC Number:

TB55

GU Wenting, CHEN Xiuhong, FENG Shaoke, YAN Lutao, GAO Yaxiang. Experimental Investigation of Ultrasonically-assisted Energy-saving Surface Drying Techniques for Wire Materials[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 37(4): 866-874.

顾文婷, 陈修泓, 冯少科, 严鲁涛, 高亚祥. 超声赋能线材表面节能干燥试验技术研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2026, 37(4): 866-874.

Figures/Tables 21

Fig.1 Removal of adhering droplets by ultrasonic atomization

Fig.2 Removal of adhering droplets by high-speed air jets

Fig.3 Relationship between the air velocity driving droplet rolling and the droplet radius

Fig.4 Comparison of energy consumption between ultrasonic atomization and high-speed air jets

Fig.5 Relationship between the energy consumption reduction coefficient and droplet radius

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of the experimental setup

Fig.7 Relationship between vibration amplitude and input power percentage

Fig.8 Schematic diagram of the experimental setup for high-speed air jets

Fig.9 Process of acquiring droplet area

Fig.10 Process of removing adhering droplets by high-speed air jets

Fig.11 Process of removing adhering droplets by ultrasonic atomization

Fig.12 Variation of droplet area under different removal methods

Fig.13 Removal of adhering droplets with different volumes by high-speed air jets

Fig.14 Variation of droplet area during removal of different droplet volumes by high-speed air jets

Fig.15 Removal of adhering droplets with different volumes by ultrasonic vibration

Fig.16 Variation of droplet area during removal of different droplet volumes by ultrasonic vibration

Fig.17 Removing adhering droplets with different volumes by ultrasonic vibration and high-speed air jets

Fig. 18 A radial ultrasonic roller device for wire structure cleaning［22］

Fig.19 An ultrasonic water removal device for high-speed wire［23］

Fig.20 Device testing site

Fig.21 Ultrasonic removal of adhered droplets on the wire

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