基于铁氧体磁路优化的感应加热效率提升方法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.05.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为满足先进复合材料性能测试对地面热实验的严苛需求，提出一种面向非导电材料的高效石墨感应加热系统优化方案，设计了石墨感应加热炉整体结构和两种铁氧体结构，建立了涵盖电磁场-温度场-热辐射多物理场耦合的COMSOL仿真模型。研究结果表明，在线圈输入功率为20 kW、频率为20 kHz的工况下，线圈匝数与石墨温升成正相关，但热辐射效果随匝数增加呈非线性衰减，经综合评估确定四匝线圈为最优参数。铁氧体材料对加热效果的增强是整体结构对磁场的聚集能力和聚集磁场引发的功率下降问题的综合结果，圆筒形结构整体优于螺旋形结构，圆筒形结构与线圈间距为4 mm时的加热性能最佳。高磁导率铁氧体圆筒形结构可以显著提高感应加热炉的加热性能，为高需求地面热实验提供了可行方案。

关键词: 多物理场耦合, 感应加热, 辐射加热, 结构设计, 优化设计

Abstract:

To meet the strict requirements of ground thermal experiments for advanced composite material performance testing， an efficient optimization scheme was proposed for a graphite induction heating system of non-conductive materials. The overall structure of the graphite induction heating furnace and two ferrite structures were designed， and the COMSOL simulation model was established covering the coupling of electromagnetic field， temperature field and thermal radiation multiphysics fields. The results show that under the working conditions of 20 kW input power and 20 kHz frequency of the coil， the number of coil turns is positively correlated with the temperature rise of the graphite， but the thermal radiation effect decreases nonlinearly with the increasing of the number of turns. After comprehensive evaluation， it is determined that the four-turn coil is the optimal parameter. The enhancement of the heating effectiveness by ferrite materials is the combined results of the overall structure's ability to gather the magnetic field and the power drop problem caused by the gathered magnetic field. The cylindrical structure is overall superior to the spiral structure， and the heating performance is the best at a coil-to-cylinder spacing of 4 mm. The high magnetic permeability ferrite cylindrical structure may significantly improve the heating performance of the induction heating furnace， providing a feasible strategy for high-demand ground thermal experiments.

Key words: multiphysics coupling, induction heating, radiative heating, structural design, optimization design

中图分类号:

TH12

李昀龙, 张大海, 陆方舟, 李彦杰, 徐培飞, 费庆国. 基于铁氧体磁路优化的感应加热效率提升方法[J]. 中国机械工程, 2026, 37(5): 1141-1149.

LI Yunlong, ZHANG Dahai, LU Fangzhou, LI Yanjie, XU Peifei, FEI Qingguo. An Enhancement Method for Induction Heating Efficiency Based on Ferrite Magnetic Circuit Optimization[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 37(5): 1141-1149.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.05.014

https://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/Y2026/V37/I5/1141

图/表 15

图1 石墨加热器主要结构三维建模图

Fig.1 Three-dimensional modeling diagram of the main structure of the graphite heater

图2 物体表面发生能量变化现象示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of the phenomenon of energy changes on the object surface

图3 模型验证三维模型及试验件测温点布局

Fig.3 3D model for verification and temperature measurement points on the test specimen

图4 试验件中心升温曲线

Fig.4 Temperature rise curve at the center of the test piece

图5 石墨感应加热炉二维模型

Fig.5 Two-dimensional model of graphite induction heating furnace

图6 整体网格及部分主要网格

Fig.6 Overall grid and some major grids

图7 线圈匝数对应石墨辐射加热性能

Fig.7 Graphite radiant heating performance corresponding to the number of coil turns

图8 圆筒形铁氧体结构、螺旋形铁氧体结构示意图

Fig.8 Schematic diagrams of cylindrical ferrite structure and helical ferrite structure

图9 原有线圈（左）和圆筒形铁氧体结构（右）的磁通密度对比

Fig.9 Comparison of magnetic flux density between the original coil（left） and the cylindrical ferrite structure（right）

图10 磁感应线分布图

Fig.10 Magnetic induction line distribution diagram

图11 原有线圈与圆筒形铁氧体结构的温度场及外部磁通密度对比

Fig.11 Comparison of temperature field and external magnetic flux density between the original coil and the cylindrical ferrite structure

图12 原有线圈和圆筒形铁氧体结构电流密度对比

Fig.12 Comparison of current density between the original coil and the cylindrical ferrite structure

图13 不同铁氧体结构下的磁通密度模、电流密度模分布及升温曲线对比

Fig.13 Comparison of magnetic flux density modulus， current density modulus distribution， and temperature rise curves under different ferrite structures

图14 不同间距下铁氧体结构的阻抗模和圆筒形结构的升温曲线

Fig.14 Impedance modulus of ferrite structure and temperature rise curves of cylindrical structure under different spacing

图15 有无铁氧体结构的不同功率升温曲线

Fig.15 Temperature rise curves of different powers with and without ferrite structure

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