中国机械工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (11): 2704-2709.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.11.028

• 智能制造 • 上一篇    

CAD图形制导的汽车轮毂机器人打磨路径生成方法

杨权印1(), 张宇宁1, 肖铜1, 梁金龙1, 王金涛2, 徐金亭1()   

  1. 1.大连理工大学机械工程学院, 大连, 116024
    2.山东新松工业软件研究院股份有限公司, 济南, 250101
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-25 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-12-09
  • 通讯作者: 徐金亭
  • 作者简介:杨权印,男,2000年生,硕士研究生。研究方向为机器人加工技术。E-mail: 15670882921@163.com
    徐金亭*(通信作者),男,1980年生,教授、博士研究生导师。研究方向为复杂曲面高性能数控加工理论与方法、机器人加工技术及装备。E-mail: xujt@dlut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52375484);辽宁省自然科学基金(2024-MSBA-21)

Robotic Grinding Path Generation Method Guided by CAD for Automobile Wheel Hubs

Quanyin YANG1(), Yuning ZHANG1, Tong XIAO1, Jinlong LIANG1, Jintao WANG2, Jinting XU1()   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,Liaoning,116024
    2.Shandong SIASUN Industrial Software Research Institute Co. ,Ltd. ,Jinan,250101
  • Received:2024-10-25 Online:2025-11-25 Published:2025-12-09
  • Contact: Jinting XU

摘要:

针对轮毂来料一致性差、三维模型缺失、仅有二维CAD图形等问题,提出CAD图形制导的机器人打磨路径自适应生成方法,实现轮毂孔侧缘毛刺的光滑去除。首先,根据CAD主、剖视图点位对应关系快速提取打磨理论路径,并采用二维工业相机获取轮毂孔的实际二维轮廓,建立其与理论路径的配准模型,同时提出基于邻域点加权平均的实际二维轮廓深度信息还原方法,生成自适应打磨路径。然后,给出基于三次B样条曲线的打磨路径点拟合光顺方法,和基于球面四边形插值的工具姿态优化模型,保证曲率变化大、难加工区域打磨连续平稳。实验结果表明,所提方法生成路径连续、运动平稳且无姿态突变,相比理论路径精度提高了90%以上,生产节拍平均为88 s,满足企业生产要求。

关键词: 汽车轮毂, 机器人, 打磨路径, 姿态优化

Abstract:

An adaptive generation method of robotic grinding paths guided by CAD drawings was proposed to remove burrs on wheel hub hole side edges smoothly, addressing inconsistent raw materials, missing 3D models, and only 2D CAD drawings. First, theoretical grinding paths were quickly extracted based on point correspondences between CAD main and sectional views, and actual 2D hole contours were acquired using a 2D industrial camera. A registration model between the theoretical paths and actual contours was established, and a neighborhood-based weighted averaging method was used to restore depth information of the actual contours, generating adaptive grinding paths. Then, B-spline curve fitting was applied to smooth path points, and a spherical quadrilateral interpolation model was used to optimize tool orientations, ensuring continuous and smooth grinding in high-curvature or challenging regions. Experimental results show that the generated paths are continuous, smooth, and tool orientations remain stable. Compared with theoretical paths, path accuracy is improved by over 90%, and the average production cycle is as 88 s, meeting industrial requirements.

Key words: automobile wheel hub, robot, grinding path, posture optimization

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