Abstract: A whole life cycle material, energy consumption and emissions evaluation model of automotive products was established. The model covered the entire closed-loop life cycle stages of automotive products from material acquisition, material processing, part processing and manufacturing, vehicle assembly, operation and use until recycling. The conventional gasoline vehicles manufactured by a company and pure electric vehicles developed on the same platform were selected for comparative analysis by using the evaluation model. The results show that in comparison to the conventional gasoline vehicles, the life cycle energy consumption and the life cycle emissions of CO2, CH4, N2O and NMVOC are all lower, while the life cycle emissions of CO, SOx, NOx and PM are higher for pure electric vehicles. The life cycle impact assessments of two type vehicles were also evaluated by using the CML 2001 model. The results show that the abiotic depletion potential(ADP) of pure electric vehicles is significantly higher than that of conventional gasoline vehicles, due to more use of high scarcity metals copper and lithium on pure electric vehicles. Although pure electric vehicles performed better than conventional gasoline vehicles in terms of the global warming potential(GWP), pure electric vehicles are still inferior to conventional gasoline vehicle as far as the indices of health toxic potential, photochemical ozone creation potential and acid potential are concerned.

Key words: life cycle assessment, recycling, energy consumption, environmental emission, recovery rate

摘要： 构建了汽车产品全生命周期材料、能耗、排放评价模型，该模型涵盖汽车产品从材料获取、材料加工、零部件加工制造、整车装配、运行使用直至回收利用的生命周期闭环全过程。运用该评价模型，对某公司生产的传统汽油车和在该同一平台上开发的纯电动汽车进行实证分析，结果表明：纯电动汽车的全生命周期能耗及全生命周期CO2、CH4、N2O、NMVOC排放低于传统汽油车，但CO、SOx、NOx和PM排放均高于传统汽油车。采用CML 2001模型进行了两款车的全生命周期影响评价，结果显示：使用稀缺金属铜、锂较多的纯电动汽车在不可再生资源消耗（ADP）方面显著高于传统汽油车；纯电动汽车产生的温室效应（GWP）优于传统汽油车，但在人体健康损害影响、光化学烟雾影响及酸化影响方面，纯电动汽车均劣于传统汽油车。

关键词: 生命周期评价, 回收利用, 能源消耗, 环境排放, 回收率