面向瓶颈漂移的制造车间生产过程优化关键技术

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对生产过程优化决策因被动响应瓶颈动态变化而无法保证系统性能最优的问题，构建面向瓶颈漂移的生产过程优化方法，并对其关键技术进行研究，以实现优化的主动性、全局性和时效性。首先，建立包含最佳瓶颈位置判定、瓶颈预测、瓶颈漂移因素组合优化和生产调度优化的生产过程优化流程;其次，以系统全局效益最大化为目标，运用Flexsim 建模仿真技术，确定系统的最佳瓶颈位置，进而为瓶颈漂移因素的组合优化提供依据;在分析瓶颈漂移因素重要度的基础上，构建面向最佳瓶颈位置的瓶颈漂移因素组合优化方法，以促使瓶颈在制造单元能力/负荷相对平衡的条件下固定于系统最佳位置;构建差额全局效益数学模型，以实现瓶颈漂移影响度的准确度量，并以此为基础，构建生产调度驱动机制，以确定瓶颈漂移环境下生产调度启动的最佳时机，进而过滤不必要的生产调度优化过程，提高系统的稳定性;最后，通过优化汽车某部件装配过程，以验证该方法的有效性。

关键词: 生产过程优化, 瓶颈漂移, 最佳瓶颈位置, 调度, 驱动机制

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem that the optimal system performance could not be achieved by using the decision of production process optimization, which was resulted from the passive response to changes of bottleneck,an optimization method of production process oriented to bottleneck shifting was constructed and its key techniques were studied to realize initiative, global superiority and timeliness of optimization. Firstly, the optimization procedure of production process was established, which contained determination of optimum bottleneck position, bottleneck prediction, combinatorial optimization of bottleneck shifting factors and optimization of scheduling. Secondly, taking system global benefit maximization as the goal, a modeling and simulation technology-Flexsim was used to determine the optimum bottleneck position, which could provide basis for a combinatorial optimization of bottleneck shifting factors. Based on analyzing importance of bottleneck factors, a combinatorial optimization method of bottleneck shifting factors oriented to optimum bottleneck location was established, which could make bottleneck fixed in the best location under the relative balance conditions between manufacturing unit's capacity and load. A mathematical model of balance global benefit was built to measure impact of bottleneck shifting, and then the driving mechanism of production scheduling was constructed to determine the best scheduling time, and the unnecessary optimization process of scheduling was filtered and the stability of system was improved. Finally, the method is proved to be effective by optimizing assembly process of one vehicle parts.

Key words: production process optimization;bottleneck shifting;optimum bottleneck position;scheduling, driving mechanism

中图分类号:

TH166

唐娟, 刘志, 龚本刚, 费志敏. 面向瓶颈漂移的制造车间生产过程优化关键技术[J]. 中国机械工程, 2014, 25(20): 2761-2768.

Tang Juan, Liu Zhi, Gong Bengang, Fei Zhimin. Key Techniques of Production Process Optimization in Manufacturing Shop Oriented to Bottleneck Shifting[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 25(20): 2761-2768.

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