Load Optimization of Pin Anti-rotation Mechanisms for Electric Scroll Compressors

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.10.018

Abstract

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems that the pin anti-rotation mechanism of electric scroll compressors was prone to wear and even fracture due to large contact loads， several methods were studied to optimize the load on the mechanisms. By analyzing the orbiting moments of the orbiting scroll， the variation laws of the orbiting moments induced by gas forces and rotating back-pressure oil forces with rotational speed were investigated. A mechanics model of the pin anti-rotation mechanisms with clearances under the orbiting moments was established， and the contact angles between the ring and pins were calculated for different numbers of pins. Load reduction methods were studied from three aspects： the number of pins， tooth tip modification， and the bottom plate structure of the orbiting scrolls. The anti-rotation mechanisms of a prototype was optimized using these methods， and the contact loads and lubrication conditions of the pins were compared before and after optimization. The results show that the orbiting moments caused by back-pressure oil increase with rotational speed. Increasing the number of pins， reducing the modification angle and offset of tooth tips， adjusting the position of the primary balance groove， and adding an inner pin at the center of the ring groove when the number of pins is even may effectively reduce the contact loads on the pins. After optimization， the peak contact forces of the pins decrease by 70.1%， the average contact forces decrease by 61.3%， and the lubrication conditions of the pins are improved.

Key words: electric scroll compressor, pin anti-rotation mechanism, orbiting moment, structural optimization

摘要：

针对电动涡旋压缩机柱销防自转机构因接触载荷较大导致的容易磨损甚至断裂的问题，研究了改善柱销防自转机构载荷的方法。通过分析动涡盘受到的自转力矩，研究了气体力和旋转背压油作用力引起的自转力矩随转速的变化规律，建立了自转力矩作用下含间隙柱销防自转机构的力学模型，计算了不同柱销数量下防自转机构的环销接触角。从柱销数量、齿端修正和动涡盘底板结构三个方面研究了改善柱销接触载荷的方法，并运用该方法对样机的防自转机构进行优化，对比了优化前后柱销的接触载荷和润滑条件。研究结果表明：背压油引起的自转力矩随转速的增大而增大；增大柱销数量、减小齿端修正展角和修正偏移量、改变一次平衡槽开设位置、柱销数量为双数时在环槽中心增设内销等措施可以减小柱销的接触载荷；优化后柱销接触力峰值减小了70.1%，平均接触力减小了61.3%，柱销润滑条件得到改善。

关键词: 电动涡旋压缩机, 柱销防自转机构, 自转力矩, 结构优化

CLC Number:

TH45

Xingwang LIU, Song TIAN, Xiaoming LIU, Yongwei JIANG, Zhen SUN, Kuo LI. Load Optimization of Pin Anti-rotation Mechanisms for Electric Scroll Compressors[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 36(10): 2306-2311.

刘兴旺, 田嵩, 刘晓明, 姜永为, 孙禛, 李阔. 电动涡旋压缩机柱销防自转机构载荷优化[J]. 中国机械工程, 2025, 36(10): 2306-2311.

Figures/Tables 16

Fig.1 The structure of an electric scroll compressor

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of tangential gas force

Fig.3 The force of the back pressure oil on the orbiting scroll

Tab.1 Parameters of electric scroll compressors

参数	数值	参数	数值
基圆半径a/mm	3.183	背压腔外径R₂/mm	45
涡旋齿厚t/mm	4.5	背压油密度ρ/（kg·m $- 3$ ）	1010
涡旋齿高h/mm	28	40 ℃时背压油动力黏度μ/（Pa∙s）	0.1
背压腔内径R₁/mm	18

Tab.1 Parameters of electric scroll compressors

参数	数值	参数	数值
基圆半径a/mm	3.183	背压腔外径R₂/mm	45
涡旋齿厚t/mm	4.5	背压油密度ρ/（kg·m $- 3$ ）	1010
涡旋齿高h/mm	28	40 ℃时背压油动力黏度μ/（Pa∙s）	0.1
背压腔内径R₁/mm	18

Fig.4 Self-rotation moment on the orbiting scroll at different speeds

Fig.5 Contact situation of the mechanism with six pins

Fig.6 Force analysis of the column pin anti-rotation mechanism

Fig.7 Contact angles for different pin counts

Fig.8 The contact force of the anti-rotation mechanism under different number of pins

Tab.2 Correction parameters of scroll

齿端修正参数	优化前	优化后
修正展角β/rad	2.620	0.785
修正偏移量δ/mm	2	0

Fig.9 Self-rotation moment caused by gas forces before and after optimization

Fig.10 Improved dynamic orbiting scroll and pin anti-rotation mechanism

Fig.11 Force on the anti-rotation mechanism after improvement

Tab.3 Structural parameters before and after optimization

变量	原样机	优化后
一次平衡槽位置	动盘底板背面	底板侧面
防自转结构	无内销	有内销
柱销数量	3	6
环销线接触长度L/mm	2	4
齿端修正展角β/rad	2.620	0.785
齿端修正偏移量δ/mm	2	0

Fig.12 Contact force of the anti-rotation mechanism before and after optimization

Tab.4 Comparison of lubrication conditions of pins before and after optimization

柱销润滑情况	原样机	改进后
最小油膜厚度h_min/μm	0.51	0.66
膜厚比 $Λ$	0.64	0.82
润滑条件	无法形成油膜	部分膜弹流润滑

Tab.4 Comparison of lubrication conditions of pins before and after optimization

柱销润滑情况	原样机	改进后
最小油膜厚度h_min/μm	0.51	0.66
膜厚比 $Λ$	0.64	0.82
润滑条件	无法形成油膜	部分膜弹流润滑

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