China Mechanical Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 1111-1121.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.05.011

Previous Articles    

Analysis for Influences of Joints on Dynamic Characteristics of Precision Machine Tools

WANG Bingxu1,2(), GAO Tong1, WAN Min1, JIAO Longfei2, YU Fei1,2, ZHANG Weihong1   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an,710072
    2.Beijing Jingdiao Group Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing,102308
  • Received:2025-10-29 Online:2026-05-25 Published:2026-06-09
  • Contact: WANG Bingxu

结合部对精密机床动态特性影响的分析

王冰旭1,2(), 高彤1, 万敏1, 焦龙飞2, 蔚飞1,2, 张卫红1   

  1. 1.西北工业大学机电学院, 710072, 西安
    2.北京精雕科技集团有限公司, 102308, 北京
  • 通讯作者: 王冰旭
  • 作者简介:王冰旭*(通信作者),男,1990年生,博士研究生、高级工程师。研究方向为机床优化设计及理论。E-mail: wangbingxu@jingdiao.com
  • 基金资助:
    2023年高档数控机床及关键功能部件项目(2023ZY01037);国家自然科学基金(52435009)

Abstract:

To investigate the influence mechanism and effects of joints on the dynamic characteristics of an entire machine tool, an accurate equivalent dynamic analysis model for joints was constructed by using ANSYS simulation software based on a multi-objective genetic optimization method. Subsequently, an accurate dynamic model of the entire machine tool was established, and the modal testing of the entire machine tool was completed. The testing results show that the errors between the calculated natural frequencies of the first six modes from the entire machine tool and the experimental data are less than 5%, verifying the effectiveness and accuracy of the analysis model. Based on this dynamic model, a comparative analysis was conducted to examine the relationships among movable joints, screw joints, foundation joints, and the dynamic characteristics of the machine tools. The analysis results indicate that movable joints have the greatest influence on the 4th, 5th and 6th order natural frequencies of the entire machine tools, followed by foundation joints, with screw joints having the least influences. Additionally, foundation joints are identified as the primary factors affecting the whole-body modal shapes of the machine tools, while screw joints and movable joints have relatively minor effects on the modal shapes.

Key words: precision machine tool, joint, modal testing, natural frequency, multi-objective optimization

摘要:

为研究结合部对机床整机动态特性的影响机制及作用规律,运用ANSYS仿真软件基于多目标遗传优化方法构建了精确的结合部等效动力学分析模型,进而建立准确的机床整机动力学模型,并完成了机床整机模态测试。测试结果表明,机床整机计算得出的模态前6阶固有频率与实验数据之间的误差小于5%,验证了分析模型的有效性和准确性。基于此动力学模型,对比分析了可动结合部、螺钉结合部、地脚结合部与机床动态特性之间的关系。分析结果表明,机床可动结合部对机床整机第4、5、6阶固有频率的影响最大,地脚结合部次之,螺钉结合部最小;地脚结合部是影响机床整体模态振型的主要因素,螺钉结合部和可动结合部对机床的模态振型影响较小。

关键词: 精密机床, 结合部, 模态测试, 固有频率, 多目标优化

CLC Number: