基于多目标优化的钢-铝混合轻量化车架设计

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以国产某SUV车架为研究对象，建立了车架有限元模型，对车架进行弯曲刚度、扭转刚度分析，并进行模态分析和模态试验，验证模型的有效性。利用正交试验法确定了材料轻量化部件，并将这些部件的钢材料替换成铝合金，得到钢-铝混合轻量化车架。针对钢-铝混合轻量化车架刚度和模态性能的减弱问题，采用基于折中规划法的多目标形貌优化方法对部件进行优化改进，提高了车架的刚度和模态性能。设计结果表明，使用钢、铝材料结合多目标优化方法设计的钢-铝混合轻量化车架相比原钢质车架在保证一定的刚度和模态性能条件下，质量减轻了6.7kg。

关键词: 车架, 正交试验, 钢-铝混合, 多目标形貌优化, 轻量化

Abstract:

Taking an SUV frame as research subject, a finite element model was established, its bending, torsional stiffness and modal were analyzed, and the modal value was compared with test one to ensure the model effectiveness. Orthogonal test method was used to determine the lightweight components, and their steel materials were replaced by aluminum alloy, so a steel-aluminium hybrid lightweight frame was obtained. Then compromise programming multi-objective morphology optimization design method was adopted to improve its stiffness and modal property. Results of the design show that, using steel, aluminum and multi-objective optimization, the new steel-aluminum lightweight frame mass will be 6.7kg lighter than the original steel one with a well guarantee for the stiffness and modal performance.

Key words: frame, orthogonal test, steel-aluminium hybrid, multi-objective morphology optimization, lightweight

中图分类号:

U463

辛勇, 叶盛. 基于多目标优化的钢-铝混合轻量化车架设计[J]. 中国机械工程, 2014, 25(17): 2402-2407.

Xin Yong, Ye Sheng. Design of Steel-aluminum Hybrid Lightweight Frame by Multi-objective Optimization[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 25(17): 2402-2407.

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