中国机械工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 726-734.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.03.022
收稿日期:2025-03-24
出版日期:2026-03-25
发布日期:2026-04-08
通讯作者:
蔡维
作者简介:龙玉朋,男,2000年生,硕士研究生。研究方向为高效精密制造。E-mail:llcc0824@163.com基金资助:
LONG Yupeng1(
), CAI Wei1(
), LI Li1, PENG Tao2, DONG Guojun3
Received:2025-03-24
Online:2026-03-25
Published:2026-04-08
Contact:
CAI Wei
摘要:
针对钛合金轴类零件加工表面质量保障困难,提出一种基于超声振动的双刀具切削协同的切削方法,即并行超声振动切削。分析了并行超声振动切削原理与切削模式,研究了刀具-工件的运动轨迹和分离切削条件。研究了并行超声振动切削与单刀具普通切削、双刀具普通切削(并行切削)、单刀具超声振动切削等四类切削工艺对其表面完整性(包括表面粗糙度及加工表面形貌、表面残余应力、显微组织与表面硬度)的影响规律。试验结果表明:并行超声振动切削与单刀具超声振动切削显著降低了加工表面粗糙度,增大了变形层厚度和表面硬度,但表面残余应力增大;并行切削和并行超声振动切削的表面残余应力减小,表面粗糙度增大。并行超声振动切削兼具并行切削与振动切削优势,具有较低表面粗糙度的同时减小表面残余应力,提高表面显微硬度及硬化率,进一步增强材料性能。
中图分类号:
龙玉朋, 蔡维, 李丽, 彭涛, 董国军. 并行超声振动切削对钛合金轴表面完整性的影响研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2026, 37(3): 726-734.
LONG Yupeng, CAI Wei, LI Li, PENG Tao, DONG Guojun. Study on Effects of Parallel Ultrasonic Vibration-assisted Cutting on Surface Integrity of Titanium Alloy Shafts[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 37(3): 726-734.
| 参数 | 数值 |
|---|---|
| 主轴电机额定功率/(kW) | 7.5 |
| 伺服电机扭矩/(N·m) | 6 |
| 最大加工长度/mm | 500 |
| 最大加工直径/mm | 120 |
| 托板最大回转直径/mm | 160 |
| 床身最大回转直径/mm | 300 |
| 主轴转速/(r·min-1) | 50~3000 |
| X轴快进速度/(mm·min-1) | 8000 |
| Z轴快进速度/(mm·min-1) | 8000 |
| X轴最小设定单位/mm | 0.001 |
| Z轴最小设定单位/mm | 0.001 |
表1 CKG7512/2V机床的技术参数
Tab.1 Technical parameters of CKG7512/2V machines
| 参数 | 数值 |
|---|---|
| 主轴电机额定功率/(kW) | 7.5 |
| 伺服电机扭矩/(N·m) | 6 |
| 最大加工长度/mm | 500 |
| 最大加工直径/mm | 120 |
| 托板最大回转直径/mm | 160 |
| 床身最大回转直径/mm | 300 |
| 主轴转速/(r·min-1) | 50~3000 |
| X轴快进速度/(mm·min-1) | 8000 |
| Z轴快进速度/(mm·min-1) | 8000 |
| X轴最小设定单位/mm | 0.001 |
| Z轴最小设定单位/mm | 0.001 |
| 项目 | 参数 | 设置 |
|---|---|---|
| 工件 | 材料 | Ti6Al4V |
| 直径/mm | 20 | |
| 刀具 | 材料 | CVD涂层硬质合金 |
| 前角/(°) | 8 | |
| 后角/(°) | 6 | |
| 刀尖圆弧半径/mm | 0.4 | |
| 切削参数 | 切削速度/(m·min-1) | 37.68 |
| 进给量/(mm·r-1) | 0.01 | |
| 切削深度/mm | 0.1 | |
| 振动参数 | 频率/kHz | 20 |
| 振幅/μm | 10 | |
| 切削液 | 湿切削 |
表2 试验条件和主要加工参数
Tab.2 Experimental conditions and main processing parameters
| 项目 | 参数 | 设置 |
|---|---|---|
| 工件 | 材料 | Ti6Al4V |
| 直径/mm | 20 | |
| 刀具 | 材料 | CVD涂层硬质合金 |
| 前角/(°) | 8 | |
| 后角/(°) | 6 | |
| 刀尖圆弧半径/mm | 0.4 | |
| 切削参数 | 切削速度/(m·min-1) | 37.68 |
| 进给量/(mm·r-1) | 0.01 | |
| 切削深度/mm | 0.1 | |
| 振动参数 | 频率/kHz | 20 |
| 振幅/μm | 10 | |
| 切削液 | 湿切削 |
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