中国机械工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (10): 2406-2417.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.10.003

• 低碳设计与全生命周期优化 • 上一篇    下一篇

面向再制造的工业清洗现状与发展趋势

王兴1(), 杜际雨2, 王黎明3,4, 李方义3,4, 李剑峰3,4, 韩伟1()   

  1. 1.军事科学院国防科技创新研究院, 北京, 100071
    2.山东建筑大学机电工程学院, 济南, 250101
    3.山东大学高效洁净机械制造教育部重点实验室, 济南, 250061
    4.国家机械工程实验教育示范中心(山东大学), 济南, 250061
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-28 出版日期:2026-10-25 发布日期:2026-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 韩伟
  • 作者简介:王兴,女,1992年生,助理研究员。研究方向为智能机器人控制及机器人轨迹规划算法。发表论文10余篇。E-mail:wx1262812261@163.com
    韩伟(通信作者),男,1984年生,研究员。研究方向为智能操控技术。E-mail:hanwei1984@hotmail.com。

Current Status and Development Trends of Industrial Cleaning for Remanufacturing

WANG Xing1(), DU Jiyu2, WANG Liming3,4, LI Fangyi3,4, LI Jianfeng3,4, HAN Wei1()   

  1. 1.National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology,Academy of Military Science People’s Liberation Army,Beijing,100071
    2.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shandong Jianzhu University,Jinan,250101
    3.Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of the Ministry of Education,Shandong University,Jinan,250061
    4.National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education,Shandong University,Jinan,250061
  • Received:2025-11-28 Online:2026-10-25 Published:2026-11-10
  • Contact: HAN Wei

摘要:

清洗是机械制造全生命周期的关键工序,直接决定零部件服役性能与再制造质量,当前我国机械再制造领域面临混合污垢去除困难、绿色清洗技术自主创新不足、高端装备对外依存度高等核心瓶颈问题。从污染物特性与清洗技术两个核心维度,系统剖析了工业污染物的分类、理化特征、形成与去除机理,对比分析了化学、物理、微生物等主流清洗技术的应用特点与技术短板,梳理了我国工业清洗设备的发展现状与行业挑战。明确了混合污垢是制约再制造清洗效率提高的核心难题,提出了复合化、绿色化、智能化的清洗技术发展路径。

关键词: 工业清洗, 再制造, 污垢, 去除原理, 清洗技术

Abstract:

Cleaning is a critical process throughout the entire lifecycle of mechanical manufacturing, directly determining the service performance of components and the quality of remanufacturing. At present, China's mechanical remanufacturing sector faces core bottlenecks such as difficulties in removing mixed contaminants, insufficient independent innovation in green cleaning technologies, and high dependence on foreign high-end equipment. From the two core dimensions of contaminant characteristics and cleaning technologies, the classification, physicochemical properties, formation and removal mechanism of industrial contaminants were systematically analyzed, the application characteristics and technical weaknesses of mainstream cleaning technologies including chemical, physical, and biological cleaning were compared, and the development status and industry challenges of industrial cleaning equipment in China were reviewed. The study clarified that mixed contaminants are the core problem restricting the improvement of remanufacturing cleaning efficiency, and proposed a development path featuring composite, green, and intelligent cleaning technologies.

Key words: industrial cleaning, remanufacturing, contaminant, removal mechanism, cleaning technique

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