Abstract: Taking the unique structure of the HMC500 spindle systems as the research object， the temperature field model of the spindle systems was established. It is found that the thermal deformations of the spindle systems have a good correspondence with the temperatures. Spindle deformation increases are caused by spindle heat increases. The spindle bearing friction heats are an important reason for the heat generated by the spindle systems. The experimental results show that the maximum temperature rise of the spindle systems is located in the inner rings of the front bearings. The thermal deformations of the spindle systems were further calculated， and the optimal design of the cooling surface of the spindle boxex could reduce the temperature rise of the spindle systems effectively， so that the thermal deformations of the spindle systems could be minimized， so that the key part is less than 10 μm， which may meet the design claims of the machine. On the spindle box system of the optimized arrangement of temperature sensors and displacement sensors， the real-time measurements were carried out under the speed of 8000 r/min. The experimental results were compared with the simulation ones of ANSYS to verify the feasibility and reliability of the optimized structure.

Key words: spindle system, thermal analysis, thermal deformation, optimal design

摘要： 以HMC500主轴系统的特有结构为研究对象，建立主轴系统的温度场模型。实验结果表明，主轴系统热变形与温度有较好的对应关系，主轴发热量增大引起主轴变形增大，而主轴轴承的摩擦生热是主轴系统热量产生的重要原因，主轴系统的最高温升位于前轴承内圈处。进一步仿真计算主轴系统的热变形，通过对主轴箱体散热凹面的优化设计，可有效降低主轴系统温升，使主轴系统的热变形达到最小，从而使关键部位变形小于10 μm，满足机床的设计要求。在优化后的主轴箱系统上布置温度传感器和位移传感器，在8 000 r/min转速下进行实时测量，将实验结果与ANSYS的模拟结果进行对比，验证了优化结构的可行性与可靠性。

关键词: 主轴系统, 热分析, 热变形, 优化设计