Evaluation Method of Handling Force Feedback Comfort of Vehicle Gear Lever

Abstract

Abstract: A method for evaluating handling comfort of vehicle gear laver was proposed based on its force feedback characteristics. The method combined the objective test with the subjective evaluation, to compensate for the inadequacy of subjective evaluation only. The variation of handling force feedback with the displacement of the gear lever and the driver's individual differences were analyzed. The relative force feedback maxima and relative handling stiffness were extracted as objective indicators for the processes of gear selection, in-gear and out-of-gear. In addition, back propagation (BP) neural network was improved by particle swarm optimization (PSO), thereby an evaluation model was established, which described the mapping relationships between objective indicators and subjective scores. Finally, the model was trained and tested by 48 groups of sample data obtained from the handling experiments, which took the manual transmission used widely in normal car for examples. The results show that the evaluation with proposed method is accurate and stable, so that it can provide guidance for optimization design of vehicle transmissions.

Key words: manual transmission, gear lever, force feedback, handling comfort, PSO-BP neural network

摘要： 基于汽车换挡杆的操纵力反馈特性，提出主客观结合的换挡杆操控舒适性测评方法，以弥补主观评价的不足。分析汽车换挡杆操纵力反馈随操纵位移的变化特征以及驾驶者的个体差异，分别针对选挡、进挡和退挡过程提取相对力反馈极值和相对操纵刚度作为客观测评指标；利用粒子群优化算法(PSO)对前向反馈(BP)神经网络进行改进，从而建立面向换挡杆操纵力反馈舒适性的PSO-BP神经网络测评模型，用以表征客观指标集与主观评分之间的映射关系；最后，以普通轿车上应用较多的手动变速器为例，利用在操控试验中获取的48组样本数据对模型进行训练和检验。结果表明，应用该方法取得了较为准确、稳定的测评效果，能够为汽车变速器操控舒适性优化设计提供指导。

关键词: 手动变速器, 换挡杆, 力反馈, 操控舒适性, PSO-BP神经网络

CLC Number:

U461.4

Liu Mingzhou, Zhang Miao, Hu Jing, Liu Zhengqiong, Chen Ziang. Evaluation Method of Handling Force Feedback Comfort of Vehicle Gear Lever[J]. China Mechanical Engineering.

刘明周, 张淼, 扈静, 刘正琼, 陈子昂. 汽车换挡杆操纵力反馈舒适度测评方法[J]. 中国机械工程.

References

[1]Coeugnet S, Naveteur J, Antoine P,et al.Time Pressure and Driving: Work, Emotions and Risks[J]. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2013, 20: 39-51.

[2]李铁柱, 李光耀, 顾纪超, 等.汽车乘员舱安全性与舒适性多学科设计优化[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(2): 138-145.

Li Teizhu, Li Guangyao, Gu Jichao, et al.Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Passenger Compartment Safety and Comfort[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2012,48(2): 138-145.

[3]徐枭, 周荣. 轻型汽车变速器市场分析与预测[J].汽车工程师,2009(6):21-23.

Xu Xiao, Zhou Rong. Market Analysis and Forecast of Light Vehicle Transmission[J].Auto Engineer,2009(6):21-23.

[4]Lindner M, Tille T. Design of Highly Integrated Mechatronic Gear Selector Levers for Automotive Shift-by-wire Systems[J]. IEEE-ASME Trans. Mechatronics, 2010, 15(6): 961-968.

[5]扈静, 刘明周, 龚任波, 等.基于主成分分析的汽车操纵力舒适性分析与评价[J].中国机械工程, 2011, 22(20): 2456-2459.

Hu Jing, Liu Mingzhou,Gong Renbo, et al. Evaluation of Vehicle Operating Force Comfort Based on Principal Component Analysis[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2011, 22(20): 2456-2459.

[6]王化吉, 宗长富, 管欣, 等.基于模糊层次分析法的汽车操纵稳定性主观评价指标权重确定方法[J].机械工程学报, 2011, 47(24): 83-90.

Wang Huaji, Zong Changfu, Guan Xin, et al. Method of Determining Weights of Subjective Evaluation Indexes for Car Handling and Stability Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2011, 47(24): 83-90.

[7]陈玉祥, 臧孟炎, 陈勇, 等.基于虚拟样机技术的手动变速器换挡力分析[J].中国机械工程, 2012, 23(8): 996-1000.

Chen Yuxiang, Zang Mengyan, Chen Yong, et al. Shift Force Analysis of Manual Transmission Based on Virtual Prototyping Technology[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2012, 23(8): 996-1000.

[8]刘明周, 周维维, 张大伟, 等. 汽车变速杆操纵舒适性的矢量描述与聚类分析[J]. 汽车工程, 2013, 35(6): 521-525.

Liu Mingzhou, Zhou Weiwei, Zhang Dawei, et al. The Vector Description and Cluster Analysis on the Handling Comfort of Vehicle Gear Shift Level[J]. Automotive Engineering,2013, 35(6): 521-525.

[9]王志红. 手动变速系统优化及换挡质量评价研究[D]. 武汉: 武汉理工大学,2013.

[10]Liu Y C, Jhuang J W.Effects of In-vehicle Warning Information Displays with or without Spatial Compatibility on Driving Behaviors and Response Performance[J].Applied Ergonomics,2012,43(4): 679-686.

[11]孟增荣, 程晓鸣. 手动换挡变速手柄检测装置的挡位识别及数据处理方法[J].传动技术, 2003, 19(1): 26-28.

Meng Zengrong, Cheng Xiaoming.Data Processing to Identify the Shift Procedure for Gear Shift Operating Rod Test Device[J].Drive System Technique, 2003, 19(1): 26-28.

[12]Kim J, Park S, Seok C, et al. Simulation of the Shift Force for a Manual Transmission[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part D-Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2003, 217(7): 573-581.

[13]SAE International Surface Vehicle RecommendedPractice. SAE J1441-1998(R2007) Subjective Rating Scale for Vehicle Handling [S]. Warrendale：SAE, 2007.

[14]Kolich M. Predicting Automobile Seat Comfort U-sing a Neural Network[J]. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 2004, 33(4): 285-293.

[15]张建国, 雷雨龙, 王健, 等. 基于BP神经网络的换挡品质评价方法[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2007, 37(5): 1019-1022.

Zhang Jianguo, Lei Yulong, Wang Jian, et al.Methods for Shift Quality Evaluation Based on BP Neural Network[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), 2007, 37(5): 1019-1022.

[16]卓金武. MATLAB在数学建模中的应用[M].北京：北京航空航天大学出版社, 2011.