中国机械工程

• 机械基础工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

考虑轮胎侧偏特性的赛车转向几何研究

柴天1,2;李凡1,2;雷飞1,2;刘杰1,2;曾侠2;唐应时1,2   

  1. 1.湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,长沙,410082
    2.湖南大学机械与运载工程学院,长沙,410082
  • 出版日期:2017-05-10 发布日期:2017-05-04
  • 作者简介:National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51205117)

Study on Steering Geometry of Racing Cars with Consideration of Tire Cornering Characteristics

CHAI Tian1,2;LI Fan1,2;LEI Fei1,2;LIU Jie1,2;ZENG Xia2 ;TANG Yingshi1,2   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and for Vehicle Body,Hunan University,Changsha,410082
    2.College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082
  • Online:2017-05-10 Published:2017-05-04
  • Supported by:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(51205117)

摘要: 为了提高赛车轮胎侧向附着合力及转向极限侧向加速度,提出了一种考虑轮胎侧偏特性的转向几何。通过分析轮胎侧偏角的影响,确定了整车转向瞬心位置,并建立了三自由度整车模型。结合轮胎力学模型,以最大化整车轮胎侧向附着合力为目标,采用隔代映射遗传算法对考虑轮胎侧偏特性的转向几何进行求解。整车仿真和试验结果表明,相比阿克曼转向几何,考虑轮胎侧偏特性的转向几何可以更有效地增大整车轮胎的侧向附着合力,提高赛车在极限工况下的转弯性能。

关键词: 转向几何, 轮胎侧偏特性, 轮胎侧向力, 优化, 赛车

Abstract: For improving the tire lateral resultant forces and lateral accelerations of racing cars, a steering geometry  was proposed considering the effects of tire cornering characteristics. The instantaneous center of steering was defined by analyzing the impacts of tire slip angles, and a 3-DOF full vehicle model containing tire model was developed for steering simulation. The steering geometry was obtained via optimization of maximizing lateral resultant forces of tires by IP-GA. Simulations and tests were conducted to validate the theoretical basis of the present steering geometry. The results indicate that the maximum lateral resultant force is raised under the design using the present steering geometry compared with Ackerman steering geometry. Thus the steering performance within extreme condition could be improved.

Key words: steering geometry, tire cornering characteristic, tire lateral force, optimization, racing car

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