遥感相机姿态控制轴的动平衡结构设计与验证

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 多个遥感相机固定在一颗遥感卫星上，调整其中一个遥感相机工作姿态的反作用力产生的角动量会改变遥感卫星的姿态，进而影响其他遥感相机的工作姿态。为了在遥感相机姿态控制轴内自平衡该角动量，减小影响，设计了一种遥感相机姿态控制轴动平衡机械机构。该机构主要由一个驱动电机、一个主轴、一个传动齿轮系、一个增速器及一个角动量平衡轮组成。机构工作时，电机转子驱动主轴带动遥感相机姿态控制轴调整相机姿态，同时，电机定子的反作用力通过传动齿轮系、增速器逐级传递，驱动角动量平衡轮旋转。通过调整角动量平衡轮的质量放大比或者增速器的增速比可得适当量值的平衡轮角动量，实现机构内部动平衡。基于角动量守恒定律和理论力学基本原理，证明了机构设计的正确性。最后，建立了遥感相机姿态控制动平衡机构的三维动态仿真模型，根据机构的实际参数，设定了机构的仿真参数，在给定负载的条件下进行了仿真验证和结果分析，进一步验证了设计的可行性。

关键词: 角动量动平衡, 遥感相机, 姿态控制轴, 增速器, 角动量平衡轮

Abstract: In the occasion that more than one remote sensing cameras were installed on one remote sensing satellite, reaction and angular momentum would be produced by adjusting certain remote sensing camera. This reaction and angular momentum would change the posture of remote sensing satellite, and then influence the posture of other remote sensing cameras. An angular momentum balancing mechanism was designed to balance the angular momentum in posture control axis of remote sensing camera. This angular momentum balancing mechanism was composed of a motor, a principal axis, a gear system, a gear speeder and an angular momentum balance wheel. In the mechanism, the principal axis was driven by the motor rotor, the principal axis drives the posture control axis of remote sensing camera, meanwhile, the reaction of the motor stator drives the gear system and rotates the angular momentum balance wheel via the gear speeder. The angular momentum could be calculated by adjusting the quality amplification coefficient of the angular momentum balance wheel or the speed increasing ratio of the gear speeder. Thus, the angular momentum internal self-balancing can be realized. Then, the correctness of mechanism design was proved by the principle of angular momentum conservation and the basic principles of theoretical mechanics. Finally, a three-dimensional dynamic simulation model of the mechanism was established and the simulation parameters of the mechanism were set according to the actual parameters of the mechanism. Simulations were carried out with given load and results are analyzed. The feasibility of the mechanism design is further validated.

Key words: angular momentum balancing, remote sensing camera, posture control axis, gear speeder, angular momentum balance wheel

中图分类号:

TH112

刘丙友1,2;竺长安2;郭杰2;金一2. 遥感相机姿态控制轴的动平衡结构设计与验证[J]. 中国机械工程.

LIU Bingyou1,2;ZHU Chang'an2;GUO Jie2;JIN Yi2. Design and Verification of Angular Momentum Balancing Mechanism of Remote Sensing Camera Posture Control Axis[J]. China Mechanical Engineering.

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