空间对接机构捕获锁优化设计

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

空间对接机构是实现航天器空间交会对接的关键系统。捕获锁作为对接机构的关键组成部件，具有实现两航天器间捕捉和释放的功能。其中的锁舌弹簧机构是典型的多体系统动力学机构，具有一定的设计难度。针对该问题，分析了锁舌运动规律，简化由分析力学建立的非线性微分方程组，建立了满足工程精度需求的数学模型；接着采用惩罚函数法和随机顺序配对机制改进标准遗传算法，并编制程序完成参数求解；随后应用ADAMS软件进行动力学仿真。捕获锁试验结果表明，捕获力显著减小，性能获得提高。所研制的捕获锁圆满通过了国内载人航天交会对接飞行试验，证明该产品优化设计工作获得了成功。

关键词: 空间对接, 捕获锁, 多体系统, 遗传算法, 仿真

Abstract:

Space docking mechanism was an important portion to realize space docking between aircrafts. As a key component of docking mechanism, capture latches were used to carry out following actions: capture and release. The bolt-spring mechanism in capture latch was quite hard to design as a typical multi-object system. This paper analyzed the movement orderliness of bolt-spring mechanism and built its mathematics model, then simplified those nonlinear equations on the basis of engineering requirements. After that, penalty function and stochastic tactic distribution model were used to improve the standard genetic algorithm, and the calculations were completed and the results were checked by ADAMS simulation method. At last，capture latch tests indicate that capture force reduces and capability improves observably. Finally, capture latch put across China on-orbit space docking test, and attested upwards optimization design successfully.

Key words: space docking, capture latch, multi-object system, genetic algorithm, simulation

中图分类号:

TH122

汤树人, 陈宝东, 刘仲, 康志宇, 唐平. 空间对接机构捕获锁优化设计[J]. 中国机械工程, 2016, 27(05): 615-621.

Tang Shuren, Chen Baodong, Liu Zhong, Kang Zhiyu, Tang Ping. Optimization Design of Capture Latch in Space Docking Mechanism[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 27(05): 615-621.

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