Dynamic Performance of Finger Seals under Rotor Tilt Conditions

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.01.014

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the influences of rotor tilt on the performance of finger seals， a 3D finite element model incorporating rotor tilt was developed， and a corresponding method for leakage rate calculation was proposed. The effects of tilt reference positions and tilt angles on seal displacement， contact pressure， leakage clearance， and flow paths were systematically analyzed. The results indicate that rotor tilt significantly increases system leakage， and the leakage at a 2° tilt exceeds 3 times leakage at 0°. When the rotor is tilted， the contact pressure of the lower finger boots decreases. In finger lift-off phase， the leakage path exhibits a stepped profile axially and asymmetric wedge-shaped distributions circumferentially， with pad warping severity increasing with tilt angles.

Key words: finger seal, rotor tilt, dynamic performance, finite element simulation

摘要：

针对转子倾斜对指尖密封性能的影响，建立了考虑转子倾斜的指尖密封三维有限元模型，提出了相应的泄漏率计算方法。研究了转子倾斜基准位置和倾斜角度对密封位移、接触压力、泄漏间隙及流道的影响规律。研究结果表明：转子倾斜显著增大系统泄漏率，2°倾斜的泄漏率超过0°泄漏率的3倍；转子倾斜时，下部指尖靴接触压力降低；指尖与转子分离阶段的泄漏流道在轴向呈阶梯状、周向呈非对称楔形，且翘曲程度随倾斜角增大而加剧。

关键词: 指尖密封, 转子倾斜, 动态性能, 有限元仿真

CLC Number:

V231.3

SHI Yansong, LU Fei, ZHOU Zhigang, BEN Xiaokang. Dynamic Performance of Finger Seals under Rotor Tilt Conditions[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 37(1): 126-134.

石岩松, 路菲, 周志刚, 贲小康. 转子倾斜状态下的指尖密封动态性能[J]. 中国机械工程, 2026, 37(1): 126-134.

Figures/Tables 16

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of finger seal structure

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of rotor tilt at three reference positions

Fig.3 Finger seal finite element analysis model

Fig.4 The initial contact state considers the initial intrusion

Fig.5 Grid independence verification

Fig.6 Diagram of oblique magnification for three reference positions

Fig.7 Comparison of finite element analysis methods

Fig.8 θ=0° finger displacement response and leakage clearance

Fig.9 θ=0° finger foot contact pressure

Fig.10 Finger displacement response and leakage clearance（ist=1）

Fig.11 Finger displacement response and leakage clearance（ist=3）

Fig.12 Leakage rate of basic unit under different reference conditions

Fig.13 Leakage rate of seal system under different datum

Fig.14 Finger foot contact pressure under different datum

Fig.15 Leakage passage under the condition of θ= 0°

Fig.16 ist=1、θ=1° and θ=2° for leakage channels

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