Study on Flow Characteristics of Variable Displacement Opposed Piston Pumps

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.11.019

Abstract

Abstract:

To address the high power loss in fixed-displacement pumps used in construction machinery， a variable-displacement opposed-piston pump was designed. The pump's AMESim simulation model was developed through equivalent modeling methodology. The model validity was experimentally verified through comprehensive bench testing. Experimental validation reveals a maximum 9.30% deviation between simulated and measured average flow rates， within acceptable limits when accounting for leakage and valve backflow effects. Using this validated simulation model， the flow characteristics of the variable displacement opposed piston pumps was investigated under varying rotational speeds， phase differences， and their coupled effects. The simulation results show that the pump flow and pressure increase with increasing speed and decrease with increasing phase difference. When the phase difference increases from 0° to 150° at rated speed， the average flow rate decreases by 74.00%， the maximum instantaneous pressure droppes by 88.87%. These results demonstrate that the pumps have a wide range of flow， pressure adjustment. The pumps enable continuous output flow regulation through coordinated speed and phase difference adjustment， establishing a theoretical foundation for variable displacement pump control strategies.

Key words: opposed piston pump, variable displacement, variable phase, flow characteristic

摘要：

针对工程机械中定量泵功率损失大的问题，设计了一种变排量对置柱塞泵。采用等效建模方法建立了该泵的AMESim仿真模型，采用台架试验验证了模型的有效性。试验结果表明：平均流量的仿真值和试验值的最大误差为9.30%，考虑到泄漏和泵阀回流的因素，该误差在合理范围内。基于该仿真模型研究了变排量对置柱塞泵在变转速、变相位及其交互作用下的流通性能。仿真结果表明：泵的流量和压力会随着转速的增加而增加，随相位差的增大而减小。额定转速下，相位差从0°增加到150°时，平均流量降低了74.00%，最大瞬时压力减小了88.87%，这表明该泵的流量、压力调节范围较大。该泵通过调节转速和相位差可实现输出流量的连续变化，为变排量泵控制打下研究基础。

关键词: 对置柱塞泵, 变排量, 变相位, 流通特性

CLC Number:

TH322

Wei YANG, Chen JIA, Chao HE, Wenxin FAN, Zhiqiang FAN, Zhenglu LI. Study on Flow Characteristics of Variable Displacement Opposed Piston Pumps[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 36(11): 2633-2640.

杨伟, 贾晨, 何超, 樊文欣, 樊志强, 李正禄. 变排量对置柱塞泵流通特性研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2025, 36(11): 2633-2640.

Figures/Tables 24

Fig.1 Variable displacement opposed piston pump structure sketch

Tab.1 Main parameters of variable displacement opposed piston pumps

参数	数值
流量/（L·min^-1）	30
压力/MPa	0.5
曲轴转速/（r·min^-1）	300
曲柄半径/m	0.03
连杆长度/m	0.1
活塞行程/m	0.06
活塞直径/m	0.04

Fig.2 One-dimensional simulation model

Tab.2 Parameterisation

类型	参数	数值
进油阀	进油阀预紧力/N	0.5
	进油阀弹簧刚度/（N·mm^-1）	0.1
	进油阀阀芯直径/mm	20.0
	进油阀阀芯质量/g	25.0
出油阀	出油阀预紧力/N	1.0
	出油阀弹簧刚度/（N·mm^-1）	0.1
	出油阀阀芯直径/mm	20.0
	出油阀阀芯质量/g	25.0

Fig.3 Calibration of piston chamber volume change

Fig.4 Calibration of pressure in the cavity of the sub-model

Fig.5 Calibration of piston motion displacement

Fig.6 Variable displacement opposed piston pump test bed

Fig.7 Average flow curve under variable speed

Fig.8 Average flow curve under variable phase

Tab.3 Power loss

相位/（°）	平均流量/（L·min^-1）	功率损失/W
0	44.50	134.98
30	43.00	93.70
60	38.50	78.19
90	31.45	56.95
120	22.22	38.17
150	11.57	38.62

Fig.9 Instantaneous pump flow under variable speed

Fig.10 Instantaneous pump pressure under variable speed

Fig.11 Flow rate change curve under variable speed

Fig.12 Pressure change curve under variable speed

Fig.13 Instantaneous pump flow under variable phase

Fig.14 Instantaneous pressure under variable phase

Fig.15 Relative displacement curve of the piston during phase change

Fig.16 Pump flow rate change curve under variable phase

Fig.17 Pump pressure change curve under variable phase

Fig.18 Average flow curve of the pump under variable speed for variable phase difference

Fig.19 Maximum instantaneous pressure curve of the pump under variable speed for variable phase difference

Fig.20 MAP chart of flow performance of variable displacement opposed piston pumps

Fig.21 MAP chart of pressure performance of variable displacement opposed piston pumps

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