China Mechanical Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 900-912.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.04.014

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Interpretable Modeling and Optimization of Laser Hardening Process Parameters for QT550-5

LIANG Qiang1(), CHEN Hong1, ZHENG Yinpeng2, WANG Bing2, DU Yanbin1, LONG Shuai3   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical Engineering,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing,400072
    2.Luzhou Changjiang Machinery Co. ,Ltd. ,Luzhou,646000
    3.School of Metallurgy and Power Engineering,Chongqing University of Science and Technology,Chongqing,401331
  • Received:2025-10-27 Online:2026-04-25 Published:2026-05-11
  • Contact: LIANG Qiang

面向QT550-5激光硬化工艺参数的可解释性模型构建与优化

梁强1(), 陈红1, 郑银鹏2, 王兵2, 杜彦斌1, 龙帅3   

  1. 1.重庆工商大学机械工程学院, 重庆, 400072
    2.泸州长江机械有限公司, 泸州, 646000
    3.重庆科技大学冶金与动力工程学院, 重庆, 401331
  • 通讯作者: 梁强
  • 作者简介:梁强*(通信作者),男,1988年生,副教授。研究方向为精密塑性成形工艺及设计、模具制造及再制造。E-mail:2017015@ctbu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市自然科学基金(CSTB2025NSCQ-GPX0135);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJZD-K202500802);泸州市科技计划(2024GYF105);制造装备机构设计与控制重庆市重点实验室开放课题(KFJJ2019078)

Abstract:

Aimed to achieve laser surface hardening and optimize processing parameters for nodular cast iron QT550-5, a finite element model coupling the temperature and phase transformation fields was developed herein. Using laser power, scanning speed, and overlap rate as experimental variables, and targeting the hardened layer depth and molten layer depth as optimization objectives, Latin hypercube sampling was first employed for the experimental design. A Bayesian-optimized multi-task neural network prediction model was constructed based on the experimental data. SHAP were introduced for interpretability analysis to clarify the contribution mechanism of various parameters to the hardening results. Subsequently, the multi-objective hippopotamus optimization algorithm was used for parameter optimization. A comprehensive evaluation system integrating the entropy weight method and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution was established to rank the non-dominated solution set and determine the optimal parameter combination. Experimental validation under the optimal parameters confirmes the significant surface hardening effectiveness in QT550-5.

Key words: spheroidal graphite cast iron QT550-5, laser hardening, Shapley additive explanation(SHAP), parameter optimization

摘要:

为实现对球墨铸铁QT550-5表面激光硬化及其加工工艺参数的优化,构建了QT550-5激光硬化温度场与相变场耦合的有限元模型,以激光功率、扫描速度和搭接率为实验变量,将试样的硬化层深度和熔凝层深度作为优化目标,采用拉丁超立方抽样进行实验设计,并基于实验数据构建贝叶斯优化的多任务神经网络预测模型,进一步引入沙普利加性解释方法进行可解释性分析,明确各参数对激光硬化结果的贡献机制。采用多目标河马算法进行工艺参数寻优,并采用熵权法结合逼近理想解排序法构建一种综合评价体系,对非劣解集排序得到最佳工艺参数组合。最后采用最佳工艺参数组合进行实验验证,结果表明,QT550-5表面硬化效果显著。

关键词: 球墨铸铁QT550-5, 激光硬化, 沙普利加性解释方法, 参数优化

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