China Mechanical Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 679-687.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.03.017

Previous Articles    

Fuzzy Control for Multi-state Deformations of Variable-camber Wings Based on Multi-stage SMA Actuation

BAI Jiangtao1(), JIAN Zhengheng1, WANG Ziang1, WANG Xiaoming1(), ZHOU Wenya2   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou,510006
    2.School of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,Liaoning,116024
  • Received:2025-04-25 Online:2026-03-25 Published:2026-04-08
  • Contact: WANG Xiaoming

基于多级形状记忆合金驱动的变弯度机翼多状态变形模糊控制

白江涛1(), 简钲恒1, 王子昂1, 王晓明1(), 周文雅2   

  1. 1.广州大学机械与电气工程学院, 广州, 510006
    2.大连理工大学力学与航空航天学院, 大连, 116024
  • 通讯作者: 王晓明
  • 作者简介:白江涛,男,2000年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为柔性变弯度机翼变形控制。E-mail:bjtyouxiang0@163.com
    王晓明*(通信作者),男,1989年生,副教授。研究方向为飞行器动力学与控制、智能可变形结构设计与控制。E-mail:wangxm@gzhu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(12102096);广东省自然科学基金(2025A1515010365)

Abstract:

The design of continuously variable-camber wings integrating SMA and flexible structures represented a crucial development direction for future morphing wings. To address complex flight environments and deformation requirements, wings should possess multi-camber deformation adjustment capabilities and precise control performance. A variable-camber wing structure was presented driven by a three-stage SMA wire actuator combined with modular flexible components, along with a multi-state deformation fuzzy control algorithm. First, by an open-loop test, the control logic was established based on minimum energy consumption and heating stages. Subsequently, a multi-stage fuzzy PID control algorithm was developed to handle SMA nonlinear driving characteristics and uncertain factors like load variations, ensuring precise deformation control across different camber states. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed multi-state fuzzy control algorithm may effectively achieve precise deformation control under various variable curvature states. Compared with conventional PID control, the new control algorithm significantly reduces settling time, effectively improves both mean absolute errors and maximum overshoots, while maintaining good robustness.

Key words: variable-camber wing, shape memory alloy(SMA), flexible structure, fuzzy PID control

摘要:

融合形状记忆合金(SMA)和柔性结构的连续变弯度机翼设计是未来变形机翼的重要发展方向之一。为应对复杂飞行环境和变形需求,机翼需具备不同弯度状态的变形调节和精确控制能力。为此,搭建了一个由三级SMA丝状驱动器和模块化柔性结构组成的变弯度机翼结构,并提出了一种多状态变形模糊控制算法。通过开环测试建立基于最小能耗和加热级数的控制逻辑,进而设计了多级模糊PID控制算法,以应对SMA非线性驱动特性及载荷变化等不确定因素,确保机翼在不同变弯度状态下的精确变形控制。实验结果表明,所提多状态模糊控制算法能够有效实现不同变弯度状态下的精确变形控制,相较于普通PID,调节时间明显缩短,平均绝对误差和最大超调量均得到有效改善,同时具有较好的鲁棒性。

关键词: 变弯度机翼, 形状记忆合金, 柔性结构, 模糊PID控制

CLC Number: