Modeling and Applications for Pointing Errors of Dual-offset Gregorian Antenna under Random Wind Loads

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.03.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Investigation of pointing errors of dual-offset Gregorian antenna primarily relied on simulation software， which was computationally inefficient and not conducive to antenna performance optimization and wind disturbance rejection design. Based on the pointing error model of a Cassegrain antenna， a pointing error model was developed for dual-offset Gregorian antenna with similar formal structure. The model was validated through electromagnetic simulations， and the results demonstrate that the developed pointing error model is both highly accurate and applicable， providing a basis for establishing a unified theoretical framework for both types of antennas. Taking the dual-offset Gregorian antenna element of the square kilometre array （SKA） as an example， the pointing error variation were analyzed by combining antenna structural deformation data and the pointing error model under different random wind loads and different attitudes. The results indicate that the established error model may rapidly assess the pointing errors of dual-offset Gregorian antennas under random wind loading.

Key words: dual-offset Gregorian antenna, random wind load, wind-induced response, small wind tunnel experiment, pointing error

摘要：

双偏置格里高利天线指向误差研究多依赖仿真软件，计算效率低，不利于天线性能优化与抗风扰设计。基于卡塞格伦天线的指向误差模型构建了形式相似的双偏置格里高利天线的指向误差模型，并通过电磁仿真对其进行了验证。结果表明所建指向误差模型具有较高的准确性和适用性，为两种天线统一理论框架构建提供了基础。以平方公里阵（SKA）双偏置格里高利天线单元为例，结合天线结构变形数据和指向误差模型分析了不同随机风载和不同姿态下天线的指向误差变化规律，结果表明所建立的指向误差模型可以快速评估双偏置格里高利天线在随机风载下的指向误差。

关键词: 双偏置格里高利天线, 随机风载, 风致响应, 小型风洞实验, 指向误差

CLC Number:

TN821

LIU Huishan, PEI Jiaxing, WU Jinhui, ZHANG Lei, LIAN Peiyuan, TAO Yourui. Modeling and Applications for Pointing Errors of Dual-offset Gregorian Antenna under Random Wind Loads[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 37(3): 595-603.

刘慧姗, 裴佳星, 吴锦辉, 张磊, 连培园, 陶友瑞. 随机风载下双偏置格里高利天线指向误差建模与应用[J]. 中国机械工程, 2026, 37(3): 595-603.

Figures/Tables 18

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of dual-offset Gregorian antenna

Fig.2 Technical roadmap

Fig.3 Pointing errors caused by four independent deformations

Fig.4 Antenna radiation pattern under 4 independent deformations

Tab.1 Pointing error evaluation based on electromagnetic simulation and error model

	主面变形	馈源横向位移	副面横向位移	副面转动	综合指向误差
电磁仿真/（″）	31.73	40.17	-79.37	1.79	-5.69
误差模型/（″）	32.70	39.94	-80.24	1.73	-5.87
相对误差/%	3.06	0.57	1.10	3.35	3.07

Fig.5 Computational domain model of the antenna

Fig.6 Wind speed inlet zoning

Fig.7 Random wind speed time history

Fig.8 Wind pressure distribution on the antenna

Fig.9 Streamline diagram at a wind speed of 4 m/s

Fig.10 Wind tunnel experimental equipment and antenna model

Fig.11 Schematic diagram of measurement points

Fig.12 Contour of wind speed distribution in the cross-section

Fig.13 Wind pressure on the windward side （left） and leeward side （right）

Fig.14 Axial deformation contour at different time

Tab.2 Deformation conditions of SKA at different time

不同时刻	δ_p_x /mm	γ_p/（°）	δ_h_x /mm	θ_s_x /mm	γ_s/（°）
0.5 s	0.1525	0.001 128 9	0.3043	0.4678	0.001 058 7
1.0 s	0.4693	0.002 287 8	1.3536	2.0227	0.003 119 7
1.5 s	0.3072	0.001 495 3	1.0791	1.5951	0.002 960 6
2.0 s	0.2424	0.001 257 2	0.6385	0.9637	0.001 463 0

Fig.15 Absolute value of antenna pointing errors for different basic wind speeds

Fig.16 Absolute value of antenna pointing error for different attitudes

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