中国机械工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 2185-2193.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.09.011

• 机械基础工程 • 上一篇    

轻量化液压双足机器人机械腿拓扑优化设计

朱佳怡1(), 高杰1(), 高亮2, 曹淮2   

  1. 1.华中科技大学航空航天工程学院, 武汉, 430074
    2.华中科技大学机械科学与工程学院, 武汉, 430074
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-11 出版日期:2026-09-25 发布日期:2026-10-21
  • 通讯作者: 高杰
  • 作者简介:朱佳怡,女,2000 年生,博士研究生。研究方向为拓扑优化。 E-mail:zhujiayi@hust.edu.cn
    高 杰*(通信作者),男,1993 年生,副教授、博士研究生导师。研究方向为拓扑优化。E-mail:jiegao@hust.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52105255);国家自然科学基金(52475258)

Topology Optimization for Lightweight Design of Mechanical Legs of Hydraulic Bipedal Robots

ZHU Jiayi1(), GAO Jie1(), GAO Liang2, CAO Huai2   

  1. 1.School of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,430074
    2.School of Mechanical Science and Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,430074
  • Received:2025-04-11 Online:2026-09-25 Published:2026-10-21
  • Contact: GAO Jie

摘要:

目前在双足机器人轻量化设计过程中,许多零件的优化设计仍未能获得理想的结构形态,最终只能依靠设计者的经验进行后续的调整和修正。基于此,对现有的拓扑优化方法进行了系统梳理,并将其引入机械大腿的结构设计中。通过构建机械大腿轻量化优化设计的数学模型,并按照拓扑优化的流程对机械大腿的初始设计几何模型进行了不同单元密度和优化最小尺寸的减重设计,最终获得了四种拓扑结构,分别使质量减小了535.4 g、494.3 g、423.8 g和569.2 g。根据实际工况和机加工工艺的要求,选择了第三种方案进行强度仿真校核,仿真结果表明,与已加工构型相比,在设定分布力的工况下,优化设计的最大位移变形量为0.9012 mm,明显小于原设计的最大位移变形量1.188 mm;在设定分布力及力矩合力的工况下,最大位移变形量为1.799 mm,也小于原设计的最大位移变形量2.377 mm。部件质量减小了38.45%,优化设计的性能表现优于原设计,验证了有限元模型的准确性及优化设计的有效性。

关键词: 液压双足机器人, 拓扑优化, 结构设计, 机械腿轻量化

Abstract:

In lightweight design processes of bipedal robots, the optimization design of many parts had not yet achieved the ideal structural forms, and ultimately only rely on the designer’s experiences for subsequent adjustments and corrections. Thus, the existing topology optimization methods were systematically sorted out and introduced into the structural design of mechanical thighs. By constructing a mathematical model for lightweight optimization design of mechanical thighs, and following the topology optimization processes, the initial design geometric model of the mechanical thighs was designed with different unit densities and optimized minimum sizes. Finally, four topological structures were obtained, which reduce the mass by 535.4 g, 494.3 g, 423.8 g and 569.2 g respectively. According to the actual working conditions and machining process requirements, the third scheme was selected for strength simulation verification. The simulation results show that compared with the processed configuration, under the condition of set distributed force, the maximum displacement deformation of the optimized design is 0.9012 mm, which is significantly smaller than that of the original design of 1.188 mm; under the condition of set distributed force and torque resultant force, the maximum displacement deformation is 1.799 mm, which is also smaller than that of the original design of 2.377 mm. The component mass is reduced by 38.45%, and the performance of the optimized design is better than that of the original design, which verifies the accuracy of the finite element model and the effectiveness of the optimized design.

Key words: hydraulic bipedal robot, topology optimization, structural design, lightweight mechanical leg

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