中国机械工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (11): 2792-2800.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.11.038

• 工程前沿 • 上一篇    

车门限位多自由度激励的刚柔耦合识别及关门窗框抖动优化

李成展1(), 郭鹏程1,2,3(), 徐从昌3, 李落星3, 肖永富4, 蒋淑霞1   

  1. 1.中南林业科技大学机械与智能制造学院, 长沙, 410004
    2.湖南工学院智能制造与机械工程学院, 衡阳, 421002
    3.湖南大学整车先进设计制造技术全国重点实验室, 长沙, 410082
    4.中国第一汽车股份有限公司研发总院, 长春, 130013
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-26 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-12-09
  • 通讯作者: 郭鹏程
  • 作者简介:李成展,男,1999年生,硕士研究生。研究方向为整车性能优化和车身钢镁连接技术。E-mail: lichengzhan12@163.com
    郭鹏程*(通信作者),男,1985年生,副教授。研究方向为整车多学科多目标优化设计及车身用高强钢和铝镁合金成形技术。发表论文80余篇。E-mail: gpch860429@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52475344);国家自然科学基金(U20A20275);国家自然科学基金(52271119)

Rigid-flexible Coupling Identification of MDOF Excitation for Door Limiter and Shaking Optimization of Window Frame during Closing

Chengzhan LI1(), Pengcheng GUO1,2,3(), Congchang XU3, Luoxing LI3, Yongfu XIAO4, Shuxia JIANG1   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical and Intelligent Manufacturing,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha,410004
    2.School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering,Hunan Institute of Technology,Hengyang,Hunan,421002
    3.National Key Laboratory of Vehicle Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology,Hunan University,Changsha,410082
    4.General Research and Development Institute,China FAW Corporation Limited,Changchun,130013
  • Received:2024-06-26 Online:2025-11-25 Published:2025-12-09
  • Contact: Pengcheng GUO

摘要:

针对传统NVH分析很难准确提取和预测车门转动过程中的动态激励与响应的难题,提出一种基于刚柔耦合识别多自由度激励的方法并应用于振动传递函数的分析。以某车型在关门过程中出现的窗框异常抖动为研究目标,采用多体动力学方法建立整车刚柔耦合分析模型,提取限位器安装点的多自由度加速度动态激励进行传递函数分析。仿真与试验对比结果表明,两者均在12 Hz处出现较为一致的振动加速度峰值,验证了刚柔耦合模型的准确性。基于此,通过仿真分析了影响关门过程窗框抖动的关键因素,得出以限位器结构为核心优化目标。据此提出优化方案,并进行动态激励下的振动传递函数分析,研究结果表明,优化限位器结构能够显著降低关门过程的窗框抖动水平。

关键词: 窗框抖动, 刚柔耦合, 振动传递函数, 多自由度激励, 限位器优化

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems that traditional NVH analysis struggled to accurately extract and predict the dynamic excitation and response of vehicle doors during rotation, a new method was proposed and applied to vibration transfer function analysis based on rigid-flexible coupling for identifying MDOF excitation. Taking the abnormal shaking of the window frame during door closing in a specific vehicle model as the research objective, a whole vehicle rigid-flexible coupling model was established by using multibody dynamics method. The MDOF acceleration dynamic excitation at the limiter installation points was extracted for transfer function analysis. The comparison between simulation and testing results shows that consistent peak values of vibration acceleration are detected at 12 Hz, which verifies the accuracy of the rigid-flexible coupling model. Then, the key factors affecting window frame shaking during door closing were analyzed via simulation, identifying the limiter structure as the core optimization target. An optimization scheme was proposed, and vibration transfer function analysis under the extracted dynamic excitation shows that the optimized limiter structure may significantly reduce the window frame shaking level during door closing.

Key words: window frame shake, rigid-flexible coupling, vibration transfer function, multi-degree-of-freedom(MDOF) excitation, limiter optimization

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