中国机械工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (10): 2528-2539.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.10.016

• 机械基础工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

热带海洋环境下风电设备传动系统失效机理研究现状与展望

刘世豪1,2(), 邱娜1,2, 林茂1   

  1. 1.海南大学机电工程学院, 海口, 570228
    2.热带海洋工程材料及评价全国重点实验室, 海口, 570228
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-26 出版日期:2026-10-25 发布日期:2026-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 刘世豪
  • 作者简介:刘世豪*(通信作者),男,1981年生,教授、博士研究生导师。研究方向为机械优化设计、风电设备可靠性。获省部级科技奖2项。E-mail:liushihao1102@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金联合基金重点项目(U25A20299)

Research Status and Prospects on Failure Mechanisms of Wind Turbine Transmission Systems in Tropical Offshore Environments

LIU Shihao1,2(), QIU Na1,2, LIN Mao1   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou,570228
    2.State Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Engineering Materials and Materials Evaluation,Haikou,570228
  • Received:2025-12-26 Online:2026-10-25 Published:2026-11-10
  • Contact: LIU Shihao

摘要:

热带海洋风电是全球可再生能源战略核心领域,其高盐雾、高湿度、高温、强台风及强紫外的极端环境,使风电设备传动系统失效概率较陆上增加35%以上,核心部件寿命缩短近50%,成为制约工程化规模化落地的关键瓶颈。基于国内外文献、行业权威报告及热带风电场的实测故障数据,系统综述了热带海洋环境下风电设备传动系统失效机理研究进展。综述阐明的理论创新点包括:明确场域划分规范,固定式风电为四场耦合,浮式风电为五场耦合,揭示特定区域耦合强度的本土化特征;提出构建“环境场-失效模式-核心机理”多学科交叉分析框架,阐释四大核心部件失效本质;提出研究适配热带海洋环境的四场/五场耦合寿命预测模型。同时梳理当前研究短板,提出未来理论突破方向,以构建完整失效理论体系,为热带海洋风电规模化开发提供理论支撑与工程参考。

关键词: 热带海洋环境, 风电设备, 传动系统, 失效机理, 多场耦合

Abstract:

Tropical offshore wind power has become a core field in the global renewable energy strategy. However, the extreme environmental conditions of high salt spray, high humidity, high temperature, strong typhoons, and intense ultraviolet radiation significantly increase the failure probability of wind turbine transmission systems by more than 35% compared with onshore environments, while reducing the service life of key components by nearly 50%. This has become a critical bottleneck restricting large-scale engineering deployment. Based on international and domestic literature, authoritative industry reports, and measured failure data from tropical offshore wind farms, the research progress on the failure mechanism of wind turbine transmission systems under tropical offshore environments was systematically reviewed herein. The theoretical innovations clarified in this review were summarized. First,the environmental field classification was clarified: fixed offshore wind turbines were characterized by four-field coupling, whereas floating offshore wind turbines involve five-field coupling, revealing the localized characteristics of coupling intensity in specific regions. Second, a multidisciplinary analytical framework of “environmental field-failure mode-core mechanism” was proposed to elucidate the fundamental failure mechanism of four key transmission components. Third, a life prediction model based on four-field/five-field coupling adapted to tropical offshore environments was proposed. In addition, current research gaps were summarized and future theoretical breakthrough directions were proposed, aiming to establish a comprehensive failure theory system and provide theoretical support and engineering guidance for the large-scale development of tropical offshore wind power.

Key words: tropical offshore environments, wind turbine, transmission system, failure mechanism, multi-field coupling

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