中国机械工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 2092-2100.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.09.002
• 智能诊断与运维专栏 • 上一篇
邓书朝1,2(
), 胡奥康1, 童宝宏1,2(
), 郑近德1, 王璐1
收稿日期:2025-09-11
出版日期:2026-09-25
发布日期:2026-10-21
通讯作者:
童宝宏
作者简介:邓书朝,男,1989年生,讲师。研究方向为机电装备运动控制。E-mail: dengsc@ahut.edu.cn基金资助:
DENG Shuchao1,2(
), HU Aokang1, TONG Baohong1,2(
), ZHENG Jinde1, WANG Lu1
Received:2025-09-11
Online:2026-09-25
Published:2026-10-21
Contact:
TONG Baohong
摘要:
针对光刻及类似精密装备中,微米级精密运动平台误差校准存在的精度不足、操作复杂且高成本方法普及难的问题,提出了一种基于A-Zernike矩(自适应梯度Zernike矩)的高性价比视觉校准方法。依据靶标形态特征筛选边缘初值,通过线性渐变模型、梯度采样与高斯拟合实现亚像素边缘的自适应提取,精确获取靶标中心位置。依据误差变化规律建立系统参数与靶标位置变化的关联模型,实现多参数联合标定。基于标定结果构建图像坐标与平台位移的转换关系,完成定位误差的解算与补偿。实验结果表明:A-Zernike矩边缘检测精度较传统方法的边缘检测精度提高了47.41%,校准后平台最大定位误差由15.601 μm降至0.783 μm。该方法显著提高了微米级运动平台的校准效率与可靠性。
中图分类号:
邓书朝, 胡奥康, 童宝宏, 郑近德, 王璐. 基于A-Zernike矩的精密运动平台定位误差校准方法[J]. 中国机械工程, 2026, 37(9): 2092-2100.
DENG Shuchao, HU Aokang, TONG Baohong, ZHENG Jinde, WANG Lu. A-Zernike Moment Based Calibration Method for Positioning Errors of Precision Motion Stages[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 37(9): 2092-2100.
| 序号 | 参数 | 量符号 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 图像坐标系U方向像素当量 | |
| 2 | 图像坐标系V方向像素当量 | |
| 3 | 图像坐标系与标定板间的夹角 | |
| 4 | 图像坐标系与平台基准轴(X轴)夹角 | |
| 5 | 图像坐标系与平台Y轴夹角 | |
| 6 | 平台正交性误差值 |
表1 待标定系统参数
Tab.1 System parameters to be calibrated
| 序号 | 参数 | 量符号 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 图像坐标系U方向像素当量 | |
| 2 | 图像坐标系V方向像素当量 | |
| 3 | 图像坐标系与标定板间的夹角 | |
| 4 | 图像坐标系与平台基准轴(X轴)夹角 | |
| 5 | 图像坐标系与平台Y轴夹角 | |
| 6 | 平台正交性误差值 |
| 数值 | 2.5048 | 2.5068 | 0.6763 | 0.9509 | 0.9499 |
表2 标定实验数据
Tab.2 Calibration experimental data
| 数值 | 2.5048 | 2.5068 | 0.6763 | 0.9509 | 0.9499 |
| 方法 | 噪声 标准差 | 圆形 平均值 | 圆形 标准差 | 线形 平均值 | 线形 标准差 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zernike | 0 | 0.101 | 0.077 | 0.063 | 0.040 |
| 10 | 0.116 | 0.079 | 0.081 | 0.057 | |
| 20 | 0.147 | 0.099 | 0.129 | 0.093 | |
| 30 | 0.206 | 0.146 | 0.207 | 0.153 | |
| C-Zernike | 0 | 0.079 | 0.063 | 0.043 | 0.028 |
| 10 | 0.097 | 0.064 | 0.065 | 0.047 | |
| 20 | 0.138 | 0.088 | 0.117 | 0.086 | |
| 30 | 0.194 | 0.138 | 0.198 | 0.147 | |
| A-Zernike | 0 | 0.048 | 0.035 | 0.009 | 0.007 |
| 10 | 0.061 | 0.043 | 0.052 | 0.041 | |
| 20 | 0.091 | 0.065 | 0.096 | 0.074 | |
| 30 | 0.148 | 0.115 | 0.167 | 0.133 |
表3 边缘检测结果对比(像素)
Tab.3 Comparison of edge detection results(pixel)
| 方法 | 噪声 标准差 | 圆形 平均值 | 圆形 标准差 | 线形 平均值 | 线形 标准差 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zernike | 0 | 0.101 | 0.077 | 0.063 | 0.040 |
| 10 | 0.116 | 0.079 | 0.081 | 0.057 | |
| 20 | 0.147 | 0.099 | 0.129 | 0.093 | |
| 30 | 0.206 | 0.146 | 0.207 | 0.153 | |
| C-Zernike | 0 | 0.079 | 0.063 | 0.043 | 0.028 |
| 10 | 0.097 | 0.064 | 0.065 | 0.047 | |
| 20 | 0.138 | 0.088 | 0.117 | 0.086 | |
| 30 | 0.194 | 0.138 | 0.198 | 0.147 | |
| A-Zernike | 0 | 0.048 | 0.035 | 0.009 | 0.007 |
| 10 | 0.061 | 0.043 | 0.052 | 0.041 | |
| 20 | 0.091 | 0.065 | 0.096 | 0.074 | |
| 30 | 0.148 | 0.115 | 0.167 | 0.133 |
| 序号 | 位置1 | 位置2 | 位置3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | (1333.761,1091.306) | (1382.557,1105.202) | (1331.457,1088.581) |
| 2 | (1333.744,1091.231) | (1382.525,1105.118) | (1331.484,1088.525) |
| 3 | (1333.750,1091.260) | (1382.553,1105.185) | (1331.475,1088.609) |
| 4 | (1333.754,1091.273) | (1382.535,1105.147) | (1331.468,1088.525) |
| 5 | (1333.759,1091.271) | (1382.544,1105.154) | (1331.473,1088.555) |
| 6 | (1333.747,1091.266) | (1382.540,1105.167) | (1331.469,1088.557) |
| 7 | (1333.749,1091.245) | (1382.550,1105.154) | (1331.471,1088.563) |
| 8 | (1333.756,1091.319) | (1382.533,1105.177) | (1331.470,1088.543) |
| 9 | (1333.764,1091.246) | (1382.548,1105.209) | (1331.450,1088.527) |
| 10 | (1333.742,1091.291) | (1382.534,1105.111) | (1331.491,1088.579) |
| 极差 | 0.091 | 0.102 | 0.094 |
表4 靶标中心测量结果(像素)
Tab.4 Target center measurement results(pixel)
| 序号 | 位置1 | 位置2 | 位置3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | (1333.761,1091.306) | (1382.557,1105.202) | (1331.457,1088.581) |
| 2 | (1333.744,1091.231) | (1382.525,1105.118) | (1331.484,1088.525) |
| 3 | (1333.750,1091.260) | (1382.553,1105.185) | (1331.475,1088.609) |
| 4 | (1333.754,1091.273) | (1382.535,1105.147) | (1331.468,1088.525) |
| 5 | (1333.759,1091.271) | (1382.544,1105.154) | (1331.473,1088.555) |
| 6 | (1333.747,1091.266) | (1382.540,1105.167) | (1331.469,1088.557) |
| 7 | (1333.749,1091.245) | (1382.550,1105.154) | (1331.471,1088.563) |
| 8 | (1333.756,1091.319) | (1382.533,1105.177) | (1331.470,1088.543) |
| 9 | (1333.764,1091.246) | (1382.548,1105.209) | (1331.450,1088.527) |
| 10 | (1333.742,1091.291) | (1382.534,1105.111) | (1331.491,1088.579) |
| 极差 | 0.091 | 0.102 | 0.094 |
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