中国机械工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (11): 2544-2553.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.11.009
• 机械基础工程 • 上一篇
韩丽云1(
), 李学萍1, 孟祥铠1(
), 梁杨杨1, 张力豪2, 彭旭东1
收稿日期:2024-09-25
出版日期:2025-11-25
发布日期:2025-12-09
通讯作者:
孟祥铠
作者简介:韩丽云,女,1998 年生,硕士研究生。研究方向为流体密封技术。E-mail:1353954026@qq.com基金资助:
Liyun HAN1(
), Xueping LI1, Xiangkai MENG1(
), Yangyang LIANG1, Lihao ZHANG2, Xudong PENG1
Received:2024-09-25
Online:2025-11-25
Published:2025-12-09
Contact:
Xiangkai MENG
摘要:
将多孔介质材料与L形流体动压槽相结合,提出了一种多孔介质动静压型机械密封结构,考虑密封端面润滑液膜与多孔介质内流体的传质作用及润滑的空化作用,基于摄动法建立了机械密封的动力学特性数学模型,采用有限单元法求解微扰方程,数值研究了多孔介质动静压型机械密封的动态特性系数。研究结果表明,在多孔介质的静压效应和L形槽的动压效应的协同作用下,相较于多孔介质机械密封和部分多孔介质机械密封,多孔介质动静压机械密封具有更大的刚度系数Kzz 、Kαα 、Kββ,增大多孔介质材料的渗透率和优化L形槽的几何参数有助于增大液膜的刚度系数Kzz 、Kαα 、Kββ,但会以牺牲刚度系数Kαβ 、Kβα 和阻尼系数dzz 、dαα 、dββ 为代价。
中图分类号:
韩丽云, 李学萍, 孟祥铠, 梁杨杨, 张力豪, 彭旭东. 多孔介质动静压机械密封动力学特性研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2025, 36(11): 2544-2553.
Liyun HAN, Xueping LI, Xiangkai MENG, Yangyang LIANG, Lihao ZHANG, Xudong PENG. Study on Dynamics Characteristics of Porous Matrix Hydrodynamic and Hydrostatic Mechanical Seals[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 36(11): 2544-2553.
| 密封面内半径ri/mm | 34 |
|---|---|
| 密封面外半径ro/mm | 46 |
| L形槽槽根内半径rn/mm | 39 |
| 槽数Nb | 12 |
| 多孔质基体内半径rn/mm | 39 |
| L形槽槽根外半径rh/mm | 41 |
| 动力黏度μ/(Pa·s) | 2.62×10-3 |
| 外侧密封压力 ps/MPa | 1.2 |
| 槽深hg/μm | 8 |
| 转速n/(r·min-1) | 10 000 |
| 内压pi/MPa | 0.1 |
| 多孔介质材料厚度H/mm | 5 |
表1 几何参数和工况参数
Tab.1 Geometrical and operating parameters
| 密封面内半径ri/mm | 34 |
|---|---|
| 密封面外半径ro/mm | 46 |
| L形槽槽根内半径rn/mm | 39 |
| 槽数Nb | 12 |
| 多孔质基体内半径rn/mm | 39 |
| L形槽槽根外半径rh/mm | 41 |
| 动力黏度μ/(Pa·s) | 2.62×10-3 |
| 外侧密封压力 ps/MPa | 1.2 |
| 槽深hg/μm | 8 |
| 转速n/(r·min-1) | 10 000 |
| 内压pi/MPa | 0.1 |
| 多孔介质材料厚度H/mm | 5 |
| 静动态特性系数 | 多孔质机械密封(PF) | 部分多孔质机械密封(PPF) | 多孔质动静压机械密封(PLF) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 开启力F0/N | 2.779×103 | 2.406×103 | 2.924×103 |
| 泄漏率qV /(mL·h-1) | 3.047×102 | 2.223×102 | 7.608×102 |
| Kzz /(N·m-1) | 1.186×108 | 8.767×107 | 1.037×109 |
| Kαα /(N·m·rad-1) | 7.640×104 | 3.554×104 | 7.962×105 |
| Kββ /(N·m·rad-1) | 7.631×104 | 3.504×104 | 7.925×105 |
| Kαβ /(N·m·rad-1) | -1.978×106 | -5.084×106 | -3.476×106 |
| Kβα /(N·m·rad-1) | 1.978×106 | 5.084×106 | 3.474×106 |
| dzz /(N·s·m-1) | 4.933×106 | 1.222×107 | 8.281×106 |
| dαα /(N·m·s·rad-1) | 3.777×103 | 9.710×103 | 6.544×103 |
| dββ /(N·m·s·rad-1) | 3.777×103 | 9.710×103 | 6.544×103 |
表2 不同端面密封下密封性能和动态特性系数
Tab.2 Sealing performance and dynamic coefficients of different face seals
| 静动态特性系数 | 多孔质机械密封(PF) | 部分多孔质机械密封(PPF) | 多孔质动静压机械密封(PLF) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 开启力F0/N | 2.779×103 | 2.406×103 | 2.924×103 |
| 泄漏率qV /(mL·h-1) | 3.047×102 | 2.223×102 | 7.608×102 |
| Kzz /(N·m-1) | 1.186×108 | 8.767×107 | 1.037×109 |
| Kαα /(N·m·rad-1) | 7.640×104 | 3.554×104 | 7.962×105 |
| Kββ /(N·m·rad-1) | 7.631×104 | 3.504×104 | 7.925×105 |
| Kαβ /(N·m·rad-1) | -1.978×106 | -5.084×106 | -3.476×106 |
| Kβα /(N·m·rad-1) | 1.978×106 | 5.084×106 | 3.474×106 |
| dzz /(N·s·m-1) | 4.933×106 | 1.222×107 | 8.281×106 |
| dαα /(N·m·s·rad-1) | 3.777×103 | 9.710×103 | 6.544×103 |
| dββ /(N·m·s·rad-1) | 3.777×103 | 9.710×103 | 6.544×103 |
| [1] | 于明彬, 孟祥铠, 白少先, 等. 圆弧槽流体动压型机械密封的性能研究[J]. 润滑与密封, 2009, 34(9): 33-35. |
| YU Mingbin, MENG Xiangkai, BAI Shaoxian, et al. Study on the Performance of Hydrodynamic Mechanical Seal with Circular Groove[J]. Lubricating and Sealing, 2009, 34(9): 33-35. | |
| [2] | 张岳林. T型槽干气密封性能分析与改型研究[D]. 杭州:浙江工业大学, 2011. |
| ZHANG Yuelin. Performance Analysis and Modification of T-groove Dry Gas Seal[D].Hangzhou: Zhejiang University of Technology, 2011 | |
| [3] | 徐鲁帅, 王赟磊, 张帆, 等. 螺旋槽机械密封瞬态启动过程润滑特性[J]. 中国机械工程, 2020, 31(16): 1891-1900. |
| XU Lushuai, WANG Yunlei, ZHANG Fan, et al. Lubrication Characteristics of Spiral Groove Mechanical Seals during Transient Start-up[J]. China Mechanical Engineering. 2020, 31(16): 1891-1900. | |
| [4] | 耿志翔. 不同槽型气体端面密封稳态特性的有限元分析[D]. 北京: 北京化工大学, 2005. |
| GENG Zhixiang. Finite Element Analysis of Steady State Characteristics of Gas Face Seal with Different Groove[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 2005 | |
| [5] | 孙鑫晖, 闫方琦, 李振涛, 等. 枞树型槽上游泵送机械密封稳态特性数值分析[J]. 润滑与密封, 2018,43(12): 76-80. |
| SUN Xinhui, YAN Fangqi, LI Zhentao, et al. Numerical Analysis of Steady-state Characteristics of Upstream Pumping Mechanical Seals with Fir Tree Grooves[J]. Lubrication and Sealing, 2018, 43(12): 76-80. | |
| [6] | ETSION I, MICHAEL O. Enhancing Sealing and Dynamic Performance with Partially Porous Mechanical Face Seals[J]. Tribology Transactions, 1994, 37(4): 701-710. |
| [7] | 孟祥铠, 孟令超, 马艺, 等. 多孔质机械密封耦合润滑模型与密封性能分析[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(10): 4576-4584. |
| MENG Xiangkai, MENG Lingchao, MA Yi, et al. Coupling Lubrication Model and Sealing Performance Analysis of Porous Mechanical Seal [J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(10): 4576-4584. | |
| [8] | 丁水汀, 张向波, 杜发荣, 等. 石墨多孔介质气体轴承研究综述[J]. 航空学报, 2022, 43(10): 508-525. |
| DING Shuiting, ZHANG Xiangbo, DU Farong, et al. Review of Research on Graphite Porous Media Gas Bearings[J]. Aeronautical Journal, 2022, 43(10): 508-525. | |
| [9] | 张国涛, 蔡伟杰, 尹延国, 等. 双级孔含油轴承油压扩散与表面渗析特性分析[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2023, 43(5): 549-560. |
| ZHANG Guotao, CAI Weijie, YIN Yanguo, et al. Analysis of Oil Pressure Diffusion and Surface Dialysis Characteristics of Two-stage Hole Oil-bearing [J]. Journal of Tribology, 2023, 43(5): 549-560. | |
| [10] | SHARMA S C, SINGH A. Behavior of Conical Porous Hybrid Journal Bearing with Pseudoplastic Lubricant[J]. Tribology Transactions, 2021, 64(3): 413-433. |
| [11] | SHAH R C, PATEL N I, KATARIA R C. Some Porous Squeeze Film-bearings Using Ferrofluid Lubricant: a Review with Contributions[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology, 2016, 230(9): 1157-1171. |
| [12] | 张国涛, 史英康, 童宝宏, 等. 含油轴承表面供油行为与自润滑机理分析[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2022, 42(5): 1063-1070. |
| ZHANG Guotao, SHI Yingkang, TONG Baohong, et al. Analysis of Oil Supply Behavior and Self-lubricating Mechanism of Oil Bearing Surface[J]. Journal of Tribology, 2022,42(5): 1063-1070. | |
| [13] | LI X, MENG X, ZHAO W, et al. Numerical Investigation on a Hybrid Porous-spiral Groove Mechanical Face Seal[J]. Tribology International, 2024, 198: 109943. |
| [14] | 马艺, 陈宇涛, 孟祥铠, 等. 牙轮钻头用单金属密封瞬态启动动力学模型与密封性能[J]. 中国机械工程, 2022,33(7): 777-785. |
| MA Yi, CHEN Yutao, MENG Xiangkai, et al. Transient Start-up Dynamic Model and Sealing Performance of Single Metal Seal for Roller Bit[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2022,33(7): 777-785. | |
| [15] | CUI Dapeng, YAO Yingxue, QIN Dongli. Study on the Dynamic Characteristics of a New Type Externally Pressurized Spherical Gas Bearing with Slot-orifice Double Restrictors[J]. Tribology International, 2010, 43(4): 822-830. |
| [16] | 陈源, 彭旭东, 李纪云, 等. 螺旋槽结构参数对干气密封动态特性的影响研究[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2016,36(4): 397-405. |
| CHEN Yuan, PENG Xudong, LI Jiyun, et al. Study on the Influence of Spiral Groove Structure Parameters on the Dynamic Characteristics of Dry Gas Seals[J]. Journal of Tribology, 2016, 36(4): 397-405. | |
| [17] | 孟祥铠, 江莹莹, 赵文静, 等. 考虑空化效应的螺旋槽机械密封液膜动力学特性研究[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2019, 39(2): 171-180. |
| MENG Xiangkai, JIANG Yingying, ZHAO Wenjing, et al. Study on the Dynamic Characteristics of Liquid Film of Spiral Groove Mechanical Seal Considering Cavitation Effect[J]. Journal of Tribology, 2019, 39(2): 171-180. | |
| [18] | MEURISSE M L, GIUDICELLI B.A 3D Conservative Model for Self-lubricated Porous Journal Bearings in a Hydrodynamic Steady State[J]. ASME Jo-urnal of Tribology, 1999, 121(3): 529-537. |
| [19] | 江莹莹. 螺旋槽机械密封润滑液膜静动态特性研究[D]. 杭州:浙江工业大学, 2019. |
| JIANG Yingying. Study on Static and Dynamic Characteristics of Lubricating Film of Spiral Groove Mechanical Seal[D].Hangzhou: Zhejiang University of Technology, 2019. | |
| [20] | GOODWIN M J, OGRODNIK P J, ROACH M P, et al. Calculation and Measurement of the Stiffness and Damping Coefficients for a Low Impedance Hydrodynamic Bearing[J]. ASME Journal of Tribology, 1997, 119(1): 57-63. |
| [21] | 李学萍, 孟祥铠, 韩丽云, 等. 分部式多孔质T型槽机械密封耦合模型与性能分析[J]. 摩擦学学报(中英文), 2025, 45(2): 242-252. |
| LI Xueping, MENG Xiangkai, HAN Liyun, et al. Coupling Model and Performance Analysis of Segmented Porous T-groove Mechanical Seal [J]. Journal of Tribology, 2025, 45(2): 242-252. | |
| [22] | NISHITANI Y, YOSHIMOTO S, SOMAYA K. Numerical Investigation of Static and Dynamic Characteristics of Water Hydrostatic Porous Thrust Bearings[J]. International Journal of Automation Technology, 2011,5(6): 773-779. |
| [1] | 袁志群1,2,4;谷正气3. 基于多孔介质材料和仿生设计的汽车阻流板减阻机理[J]. 中国机械工程, 2019, 30(07): 777-785. |
| [2] | 张丽娇, 陈力. 漂浮基柔性空间机械臂的模糊H∞鲁棒控制及柔性振动最优控制[J]. 中国机械工程, 2016, 27(18): 2447-2452. |
| [3] | 于潇雁, 陈力. 载体位置、姿态均不受控的飘浮基柔性空间机器人的Terminal滑模控制[J]. 中国机械工程, 2015, 26(7): 936-942. |
| [4] | 徐鑫, 张天宏, 盛汉霖. 基于动态系数法的微型涡喷发动机实时建模[J]. 中国机械工程, 2015, 26(2): 243-247. |
| [5] | 杨丽红, 沈航明, 宋元明. 等温容器放气过程中对流换热模型的研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2014, 25(18): 2489-2495. |
| [6] | 刘孝保, 杜平安, 乔雪原. 主自由度对子结构静力凝聚模态分析的误差影响研究 [J]. 中国机械工程, 2011, 22(3): 274-277,304. |
| [7] | 张义民, 王鹏, 杨周, 张飞. 低周疲劳失效的涡轮盘可靠性灵敏度设计 [J]. 中国机械工程, 2010, 21(10): 1135-1139. |
| [8] | 杨莹;路长厚;. 基于线性摄动法的新型混合轴承动态特性研究[J]. J4, 2009, 20(15): 0-1889. |
| [9] | 张义民;王世鹏;解艳彩;. 可靠性分析的最大可能点摄动法[J]. J4, 2008, 19(8): 0-1007. |
| [10] | 袁;涛;张义民;薛玉春;贺向东. 起重臂弯曲和扭转刚度的可靠性灵敏度[J]. J4, 2007, 18(22): 0-2765. |
| 阅读次数 | ||||||
|
全文 |
|
|||||
|
摘要 |
|
|||||