纳米碳球切削液的润滑性能及机理研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.04.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探究了纳米碳球切削液应用于难加工航空齿轮钢（15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2W）切削中纳米碳球粒子对切削液的润滑增强作用。首先构建了金属切削的切削力模型，分析了切削润滑与切削力的关系；进一步，联合摩擦磨损试验和铣削试验，从摩擦因数、磨损量、摩擦表面质量和切削力等方面分析了纳米碳球切削液的润滑性能表现。相比于基础切削液，纳米碳球切削液（纳米碳球质量分数为0.02%）作用下的难加工齿轮钢铣削力减小了10%以上，表面粗糙度减小了15%以上。试验观测结果显示，摩擦接触面上的纳米碳球粒子更容易吸附在表面自由能大的微尖峰区域，并形成一层纳米碳球吸附膜；纳米碳球粒子可以在摩擦界面发挥“微轴承”减摩作用。

关键词: 纳米碳球, 切削液, 润滑机理, 铣削, 难加工齿轮钢

Abstract: Nano-carbon balls cutting fluid was applied to the cutting processes of difficult-to-machine aerospace gear steels(15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2W), and the lubrication enhancement effects of nano-carbon particles on the cutting fluid were investigated. Firstly, a cutting force model for metal cutting was established to analyze the relationship between cutting lubrication and cutting forces. Furthermore, through combined friction-wear tests and milling experiments, the lubrication performance of nano-carbon balls cutting fluid was evaluated in terms of friction coefficient, wear volume, friction surface quality, and cutting forces. Compared with the base cutting fluid, when the mass fraction of nano-carbon is reached 0.02%, the milling forces for the gear steels are decreased by over 10%, and surface roughness is reduced by more than 15%. Experimental observations reveal that nano-carbon particles on the friction contact surfaces preferentially are adsorbed onto micro-peak regions with higher surface free energy, forming a nano-carbon adsorption film. Lubrication mechanism analysis indicates that this adsorption film may exert a friction-reducing “micro-bearing” effects.

Key words: , nano-carbon ball, cutting fluid, lubrication mechanism, milling, difficult-to-cut gear steel

中图分类号:

TB34
TH140

孙浩1, 蓝启鑫2, 姚斌2, 芦晶晶1, 张金辉2, 潘志榕2, 赵珂馨2. 纳米碳球切削液的润滑性能及机理研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2025, 36(04): 715-723.

SUN Hao1, LAN Qixin2, YAO Bin2, LU Jingjing1, ZHANG Jinhui2, PAN Zhirong2, ZHAO Kexin2. Study on Lubricating Performances and Mechanism of Nano-carbon Balls Cutting Fluids[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 36(04): 715-723.

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链接本文: https://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.04.008

https://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V36/I04/715

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