Abstract:

To reduce the recoil resistance force and the barrel mass, an integrated optimization model involving barrel and recoil mechanisms was built considering the control rod and barrel structural parameters, the interior ballistic charge parameters as design variables, and the stiffness, strength, life of barrel and the initial velocity as the constraints. Two optimization methods were selected to optimize and the results were compared. First, using the weighted method, the double objects were normalized to a single target. The model was optimized by the simulated annealing algorithm, and the recoil resistance force is reduced by 53% while the barrel mass is lightened by 28% after the optimization. Then based on the optimal theory of Pareto, the optimal solution set was obtained by the genetic algorithm. It provides more optimal schemes for the designers. According to engineering experiences, a solution was chosen, the recoil resistance force is reduced by 504% and the barrel mass is lightened by 98%. Studies show that it can obtain better optimization schemes based on the Pareto theory and genetic algorithm. It provides a new method for the integrated design of barrel and recoil mechanism.

Key words: recoil resistance force, barrel mass, multi-objective optimization, multi-disciplinary optimization

摘要：

为减小火炮发射时的后坐阻力,同时减小火炮身管质量,以节制杆结构参数、身管结构参数和内弹道装药参数为设计变量,以身管刚度、强度、寿命、弹丸初速等为约束,建立火炮身管-反后坐装置集成优化设计模型,并采用两种优化方法进行优化,再比较其结果。首先,采用加权组合法将两个目标函数归一为单个目标,应用模拟退火算法进行优化设计,优化后,后坐阻力减小53%,身管质量减小28%。其次,基于Pareto最优理论,采用遗传算法进行优化设计,获得了Pareto最优解集,给设计者提供了更多优化方案;根据工程经验,选取一组优化解,结果发现,对比原设计,后坐阻力减小504%,身管质量减小98%。研究表明,基于Pareto最优理论和遗传算法可以获得更好的优化方案。该研究提供的集成优化模型和算法为火炮身管-反后坐装置一体化设计提供了新方法。
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关键词: 后坐阻力, 身管质量, 多目标优化, 多学科优化