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Table of Content

    10 January 2013, Volume 24 Issue 1
    Experimental Study of Super-hydrophobic Surfaces Obtained on Steel Matrix by Brush Plating Technique
    XU Wen-Ji, DIAO Chong, SUN Jing, HU Ke, SONG Jin-Long
    2013, 24(1):  1-5. 
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    Composite brush plating technique was used to prepare superhydrophobic n-SiO2/Ni brush plating composite coating on Q235 steel surface. Under the better process parameters, the water contact angle of the obtained super-hydrophobic surface was approximately 1698°, and the water tilting angle was approximately 23°. This paper gave the influences of plating voltage and plating time on the coating surface structure and hydrophobicity, and gave the effects of the moving velocity of brush on the content of n-SiO2 of the composite coating. The structure and morphology of the composite coating surface and its section were also studied. The measurements of the contact angle, surface roughness and microhardness of the coating were carried out. Results show that the plating voltage and plating time are two important parameters for the composite coating surface microstructure characteristics. And the binary micro-nano structure on composite coating surface plays an important role in super-hydrophobic property. 

    #br# 2D Path Optimization for Flexible Needle Based on Combination of Multiform Paths
    DIAO Yan-Jiang-1, ZHANG Yan-Hua-2, CHEN Gao-1, ZHANG Yong-De-1, Yan Yu3
    2013, 24(1):  6-11. 
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    Aiming at the path optimization of bevel tip flexible needle in 2D tissue,firstly,the Unicycle kinematic model was introduced for the needle,and then the forward kinematics was calculated using screw theory and product of exponentials formula.The feasibility of linear path was proved through kinematic calculation.On the basis of the kinematic model,the path styles were analyzed,and a novel path planning algorithm was proposed based on combination of the multiform paths,and the objective function was established taking account of the optimization of needle insertion pose.Then the optimal calculation and simulation were performed under the environments with and without obstacles respectively.Simulation results show that this algorithm effectively makes the needle steer clear of obstacles and reaches the target precisely,and guarantees the optimal path,which usually contains a linear path with control degree of 2 in common cliniol conditions.

    Research on Self-centering Control Method of Cylindricity Measuring Instrument
    ZHANG Rui, LEI Hao-Juan, ZHANG Lin-Na, ZHENG Feng
    2013, 24(1):  11-14. 
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    This paper put forwards a new self-centering control algorithm by analyzing the principles of worktable adjustment based on that the section of angled cylinder is ellipse and put forwards two centering adjustment methods based on the differences of adjusting movements. Then the characteristic parameters of the elliptic by analyzing the spectrum were extracted. The algorithm software was finished by Labview. The simulation results show that the algorithm has features as short time, high precision and more efficiency. 

    Research on Integrated Optimization Method of Barrel and Recoil Mechanisms
    HONG E-Jun, CAO Yan-Feng, YIN Jiang, XU Cheng
    2013, 24(1):  15-20. 
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    To reduce the recoil resistance force and the barrel mass, an integrated optimization model involving barrel and recoil mechanisms was built considering the control rod and barrel structural parameters, the interior ballistic charge parameters as design variables, and the stiffness, strength, life of barrel and the initial velocity as the constraints. Two optimization methods were selected to optimize and the results were compared. First, using the weighted method, the double objects were normalized to a single target. The model was optimized by the simulated annealing algorithm, and the recoil resistance force is reduced by 53% while the barrel mass is lightened by 28% after the optimization. Then based on the optimal theory of Pareto, the optimal solution set was obtained by the genetic algorithm. It provides more optimal schemes for the designers. According to engineering experiences, a solution was chosen, the recoil resistance force is reduced by 504% and the barrel mass is lightened by 98%. Studies show that it can obtain better optimization schemes based on the Pareto theory and genetic algorithm. It provides a new method for the integrated design of barrel and recoil mechanism.

    Research on Polishing Process of Glass-ceramics by Ice Fixed Abrasive Polishing Pad with Grooves
    YANG Zhang-Yi, ZUO Dui-Wen, SUN Yu-Li, TONG Ju-Te
    2013, 24(1):  20-24. 
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    Mould pressing method was used to groove the micron-sized α-Al2O3 ice fixed abrasive polishing pad. The polishing process of glass-ceramics by ice-fixed-abrasive polishing pad with grooves was researched through orthogonal test of four factors and three levels, and the results were compared with the ice-fixed-abrasive polishing pad without grooves under the same experimental conditions. The results show that the material removal ratio increases about 40% in grooved condition, and the surface topography of glass-ceramics is improved slightly although with little scratches. Spindle speed influences the material removal ratio more greatly. 

    Design Optimization of Vehicle Three-Way Catalytic Converter Based on MDO Method
    LIU Meng-Xiang-1, 2, LIU Xiang-Ling-3, GONG Jin-Ke-3
    2013, 24(1):  25-29. 
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    A MDO model of TWC was firstly established by using TWC conversion efficiency, pressure loss, miss and thermal shock resistance as the objective function and the MDO model was solved on the basis of taking full account of the coupling effects among various disciplines by using self-adaptive chaos algorithm and VB(visual basic) programming. The optimization results show that pressure loss reduces 699%, mass reduces 1168%, displacement deformation reduces 2091% and the conversion efficiency improves 542%. The tests prove that MDO in TWC is effective.

    Research on Recycling Technology of Waste Thermosetting Phenolic Resins Based on Mechanical Physical Method
    SONG Shou-Hu, HU Jian, DAN Lei, YANG Xue-Feng
    2013, 24(1):  29-34. 
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    Based on the fundamental of mechanical physical method, the waste thermosetting phenolic resins was researched and the recovery mechanism was analysed. By using Box-Behnken model of response surface methodology, a series of experiments for optimizing three main factors (speed, time and size) of recovery process parameters were designed and a quadratic polynomial equation model was constructed. The results show that: the order of the important effects of speed, time and size on the degradation of thermosetting phenolic resins is speed>size>time,when the degradation rate is the biggest,  the recovery speed,time and size for waste thermosetting phenolic resins recycling  are 2940r/min,95min,and 071mm respectively.

    Early Rub-impact Diagnosis of Rotors by Using Resonance-based Sparse Signal Decomposition
    CHEN Xiang-Min, XU De-Ge, LUO Ji-Sai
    2013, 24(1):  35-41. 
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    A method for early rub-impact diagnosis of rotors by using resonance-based sparse signal decomposition was proposed herein. The proposed method used resonance-based sparse signal decomposition to extract impulses from vibration signals of early rub-impact in a rotor system. Different from the traditional signal decomposition way based on frequency band,resonance-based sparse signal decomposition method decomposed a signal into high resonance component and low resonance component based on the Q-factor. When early rub-impact occurred in a rotor system,the vibration signals were composed of periodic signal with rotor frequency component and its harmonics,transient impulse signal with rotor fault information and noise. Periodic signal belonged to narrowband signal and had a high Q-factor,and could be decomposed into high resonance component;while transient impulse signal belonged to wideband signal and had a low Q-factor,and could be decomposed into low resonance component. Impulses were drawn from rub-impact signal of a rotor by resonance-based sparse signal decomposition, and the fault diagnosis of early rub-impact in a rotor system was carried on according to the impulse period. Simulation and application example show that the proposed method is effective in extracting impulse signal form rotor systems.

    Elastic Stability Constraint-based Method for Joint Point Distribution Optimization of Truss Boom Head Section
    WANG Xin-1, WANG Cheng-Lin-1, ZHOU Yang-1, XU Jin-Shuai-2
    2013, 24(1):  41-46,51. 
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    Based on Timoshenko theory, a truss boom can be simplified into Timoshenko beam. A mathematical model based on such simplification was set up and aimed at minimizing buckling strain energy. The optimization analysis program was formulated in MATLAB, and the improved genetic algorithm was adopted to optimize the joint point distribution of the truss boom head section. Comparison of the overall stability of the optimal and the original results was used to verify the reasonability of the proposed model. The proposed model can be used effectively for optimizing the joint point distribution of the truss boom head section.

    Research on Speed Control in Starting and Stopping Processes of Hydraulic Cylinder with HSV
    GAO Qin-He, SONG Hai-Zhou, LIU Zhi-Gao, DONG Ting-Qiong, YANG Zhi-Yong
    2013, 24(1):  47-51. 
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    A hydraulic loop that HSV connected between rod cavity and no-stem cavity of hydraulic cylinder was designed to study the speed control problem in the starting and stopping processes of hydraulic cylinder.The starting and stopping speed control problem of hydraulic cylinder was studied by simulation and experiments.Research results show that HSV can reduce the maximum starting acceleration and the final velocity effectively,and can realize the speed control in the starting and stopping processes of hydraulic cylinder.

    Analysis and Tailoring Design of Stiffness-center of a High-ratio-aspect Composite Wing
    DONG Yong-Peng-1, 2, HE Shi-Hui-1, HUA Lin-1, WANG Fu-Sheng-1, YUE Zhu-Feng-1
    2013, 24(1):  52-55. 
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    A simple method was presented by means of FE software to fix on the location of stiffness-center axis of a high-ratio-aspect composite wing model. The most difference was 75%, comparing the results of FE method with that of theoretical method. It was applied to an example of engineering. The optimal design was carried out with the location of stiffness-center axis of a composite wing as objective function and static strength and stability as constraints. The design variables were the lay-up thickness of panel and spar web, and the cross-section area of stringer and spar edge. Through the iterative calculation by multi-island genetic algorithm and sequential quadratic programming, the optimized location of stiffness-center axis of composite wing model was obtained finally. Compared with that optimized before, the location of stiffness-center axis is closer to leading edge of the wing.

    Collaborative Supported 3D Heterogeneous CAD Model Interference Checking Based on Lightweight Model
    LIU Qing-Hua, LI Shuai, LIU Yun-Hua, MO Li
    2013, 24(1):  56-60,77. 
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    To solve 3D Heterogeneous CAD interference checking problems, a new method based on lightweight model was proposed. Using lightweight model and subdividing the set of the possible interference components step by step, this method can finish interference checking quickly and the results can be handled well by both visualization and analysis reports. Then, the results were sent to designers throught a collaborative tool based on PLM managing the model designing and interference checking, which enable designers obtain the accurate feedback as quickly as possible to modify the original 3D models and make collaborative work among designers much easier. The proposed method has been implemented in a commercial 3D browser named InteVue and the application result shows that it can be used as a strong reference during 3D heterogeneous CAD model designing.

    #br# Maturity Degree Evaluation Method of Components in Plane Cooperative Design
    ZHOU An-Ning-1, 2, LI Wen-Zheng-2
    2013, 24(1):  61-65. 
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    The improvement of concurrent degree supported by cooperative design leads to redundant reciprocating work.Degree of maturity with instant and numerical indicator is a solution to the drawback.A synthesis fuzzy assessment method was proposed,aiming at the requirements of maturity indicator in airplane cooperative design.The method gave maturity degree of component/part combined physical readiness,perspective satisfaction,implementation framework deviation and increment of design indexes.The technology and process of the assessment method was described in detail,and demonstrated by application in design of a specific airplane component,which showed the reflection of each impact factors.The use case shows that the method conforms to the real value and waving law of maturity degree in design,which can aid cooperative design efficiently.

    Review on Fund Management of Mechanical Engineering Discipline of NSFC in 2012
    WANG Guo-Biao-1, LAI Yi-Nan-1, HUANG Hai-Hong-1, SONG Jian-Li-2
    2013, 24(1):  66-72. 
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    The evaluation and funding of proposals in division of mechanical engineering of NSFC in 2012 were reviewed. Hot issues were analyzed, taking proposals in the fields of mechanical tribology and surface technology and high energy density beam machining as examples. Managerial actions were reviewed including promoting academic exchanges and cooperation, major project approving, major research plan mid-term evaluation and young talents cultivation. Research progresses of the funded projects and outcomes of talents training were summarized.

    Experimental Investigation on Frequency Veering and Mistuning Sensitivity of Bladed Disks
    DIAO Zhi-Ban, HE Er-Ming, WANG Gong-Jian, CHEN Yi
    2013, 24(1):  73-77. 
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    Experimental setups were built for investigation of vibration of tuned and mistuning bladed disks herein. A stationary, nominally periodic, 12-bladed disk with simplified geometry was manufactured. The frequency veering in natural frequency curves vurse nodal diameter figure was captured from the experimental results of the tuned bladed disk and the mode shape exchange related to the frequency veering was observed. By adding small blocks with different weights to the blade tips,three typical mistuned bladed disk were simulated in the experiment,and the mode localization was verified in all of the three blade mistuned speciments. The relationship between modal density and mistuning sensitivity of bladed disk was studied. The experimental results indicate that the localization of the mode shapes is most acute in frequency regions of high modal density. All the experimental results are very good agreement with those of the finite element analysis.

    #br# Dynamics of Wheeled Suspension Mobile Manipulator with Suspension and Pavement Disturbances
    LI Juan, ZHANG Meng-Lu, SUN Ling-Yu, ZHANG Jian-Hua, ZHANG Xiao-Dun
    2013, 24(1):  78-84. 
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    A wheeled suspension mobile manipulator dynamics was studied herein. Synthetically considering the elastic damping suspension and uneven ground and combining with constraint equations of the wheeled suspension mobile manipulator, the independent coordinate variables and the associated coordinate variables were extracted. The driving force model which contained the variables of the components of the wheeled suspension mobile carrier, and the dynamics model of the wheeled suspension mobile manipulator were established. The effects of the different speeds of the carrier, different linear elastic-damping suspensions and different pavements on the dynamics model were studied comparatively by numerical simulation. And the reasons were analyzed. The results of the study show that the speed of the carrier has a great impact on the center position of the wave of the mobile carrier in the vertical direction, the stiffness of the suspension and the pavement disturbance also have impact on the wave range in the vertical direction of the mobile carrier, the angle range of the mobile carrier and the driving force range of the mobile carrier.

    Focusing Imaging of Cracks in Pipes Based on Torsional Modes
    TIAN Zhen-Hua, XU Hong, YANG Zhi-Lei
    2013, 24(1):  85-89. 
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    Using ultrasonic guided wave technique, the crack detection of pipe was studied. Theoretically, characteristics of torsional modes were analyzed. Based on finite element simulation, affections of cracks with different lengths on T(0,1) mode were analyzed. In order to quantify the location and size of cracks, a synthetic focusing method was employed. Using this method, the recorded backscattered wave signals were focused at different locations (θ, z), and the imaging distribution I(θ, z) was developed. This imaging result reflects the size and location of crack clearly.

    Thermal Micro-elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Analysis of Seawater-lubricated Plastic Bearing
    ZHANG Li-Jing, WANG You-Jiang
    2013, 24(1):  90-94. 
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    The elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) of a plastic bearing was studied by considering the thermal effect and the bearing surface transverse roughness. A full numerical solution to the problem of thermal micro-elastohydrodynamic lubrication of plastic bearing was obtained by using the multi-grid method for pressure, the multi-integration method for deformation and the column scanning method for temperature rise. The effects of surface roughness wave, the load and the speed on the pressure and the film thickness were discussed. Numerical results reveal that the existence of bearing surface roughness has certain effect on the pressure and the film thickness and its existence makes film pressure and film thickness oscillating. The load and speed has tiny influences on film pressure distribution, but the film thickness is increased greatly with the increase of speed or the decrease of load.

    Design and Simulation of Gas-liquid Binary Cooling System for High-speed Ball Screw Units
    LIU Yong-Beng, CHEN Zhen, RUI Zhi-Yuan
    2013, 24(1):  95-98. 
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    Aimed at thermal deformation errors caused by friction in hollow high-speed ball screw feeding system, a new gas-liquid binary cooling method for the high-speed ball screw units was proposed by adopting total circulating cooling and local cooling on key heating area, which can restrain the drive stiffness and machining accuracy changes caused by thermal deformation in the high-speed running. Through simulation method, the changes of temperature field in ball screw units under different cooling methods and the thermal deformation in ball screw under different cooling speed were analyzed. It is proved that the gas-liquid binary cooling system for high-speed ball screw units is feasible.

    Oxidation of Chrome Carbide Coated by T/P 24 in Air at 750℃
    TUN Shou-Jun, GUI Chan-Meng
    2013, 24(1):  99-103. 
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    Oxidation behaviors of a PIRAC chrome carbide coated by T/P24 was studied in air at 750℃. Weight changes and phase changes were used to analyze the oxidation behaviors. Results show the PIRAC chrome coating can provide good oxidation with scarcely morphologies changes, chrome oxide and weight gains observed after oxidation exposure. The coating prepared at different temperatures shows different oxidation resistance due to different chrome carbides composition. The difference and long time exposure at 750℃ inducing Cr23C6 transformed into Cr3C2 were discussed.

    Research on Layout of Weld Lines and Size Optimization for TWB Doors
    CHEN Gang-Jiang-1, LI Guang-Yao-1, SUN Guang-Yong-1, 2, GUO Rui-Quan-3
    2013, 24(1):  103-109. 
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    In traditional design process, people always determine the location of weld lines of TWB parts by their personal experience or by a lot of trial and error design, leading the performance of TWB can not be brought into full play. So, in order to improve the design of TWB parts,a new method for the design of TWB parts was generated and applied to improve the stiffness of the car, lighten the total weight by 125%, which was based on bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization, sensitivity analysis method and size optimization. The proposed method can obtain a good optimization results to improve the projects to a certain extent, it promotes the development of China's automobile industry. 

    Performance Analysis of Motorcycle Muffler with Catalyst
    HUANG Ze-Hao, YANG Chao, HUANG Yi-Tao, TUN Xiao-Yu
    2013, 24(1):  110-114. 
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    The effect of catalytic converter structure on exhaust muffler was firstly researched.Sound transmits and loss were simulated by the establishment of new catalytic converter model which was full of inserted ducts,and transmission loss of the muffler and muffler with catalytic converter were analyzed and compared.Coupling simulation model of a motorcycle engine's working process and muffler with catalyst was established by GT-Power software,insertion loss and pressure loss of the exhaust muffler were obtained at different engine speeds.It is found that the muffling ability in middle and low-frequency is good,and in middle and high-frequency is bad.According to the calculation results,improvements on muffler structure are conducted.The simulation results show that the performance of the muffler at each speed of the engine is improved,and the insertion loss increases 3~5dB, the simulation results and the test results of this model tally well, and this design preferably meets the exhaust muffler performance requirements.

    Optimal Design of Roof Structural Crashworthiness Based on Selection of High Strength Steel and Its Cost Control
    CHEN Xin, LEI Fei, CHEN Guo-Dong, GUAN Feng-Jiao
    2013, 24(1):  115-120. 
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    A roof structural crashworthiness design method was proposed and implemented in a vehicle roof structural design,which aimed at the cost and efficiency in the application of high strength steel in vehicle
     body structural design.First,the global sensitivity analysis was carried out to choose the prominent components.Then the material type and thickness of the prominent components were treated as discrete and continuous design variables,respectively.Considering the weight and material cost,a mathematical model of the roof structural crashworthiness optimization was established.The moving least square response surface and genetic algorithm,in conjunction with Latin hypercube sampling method,were utilized to maximize the maximum impact force of the roof.The results show that the roof strength is enhanced by 18.53% with the vehicle weight and material cost controlled.The present method offers an efficient way for the selection of high strength steel in the structural optimization for roof crashworthiness design.

    Optimization Design of Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm in Automobile Structure Based on Sequential Response Surface Method
    CHEN Li-Meng, CHEN Wen-Liang
    2013, 24(1):  120-124. 
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    The artificial bee colony(ABC) algorithm,a relatively recent bio-inspired approach mimicking the behavior of real bee colony,was applied to deal with the optimization problems of automobile structure.The metamodel of objective and constrains were gotten through combination of design of experiment and sequential response surface method.Then,the optimum design was obtained by the modified artificial bee colony algorithm.It can reduce the computing cost by the metamodeling techniques.Finally,a typical example was selected to proof this method.The comparison results between the simulated and experimental values show that this method has enough precision and satisfies the engineering practical demands.

    Status and Development Trends of Modern Large-scale Wind Turbines
    LIU De-Shun-1, DAI Ju-Chuan-1, HU Yan-Beng-1, CHEN Xiang-Bing-2, 3
    2013, 24(1):  125-135. 
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    In various renewable energy sources, wind energy is one of the fastest-growing energy sources worldwide and has a good prospect of development and utilization. The present situation of wind turbines industries was outlined and analyzed herein. The development tendency of wind turbines was summarized; the research situations and problems were analyzed, including aerodynamic analysis on wind rotors, analysis and calculation of loads, structure dynamics and control, energy transfer and control and pitch system. Finally, it is pointed out that since the wind turbine is sophisticated nonlinear system related to theory of multi-disciplines, involving multi-physical coupling field and multi-physical process, the thinking method of system science should be adopted in the future research based on multi-discipline knowledge.

    State-of-the-Art of Vehicle Side Slip Angle Estimation
    LIN Fen, HUANG Chao
    2013, 24(1):  135-141. 
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    The significance of the side slip angle estimation for vehicle stability control was discussed. The research of vehicle side slip angle estimation was divided into four aspects: measuring instrument, estimation algorithm, physical model and tire model. Then research progresses on vehicle side slip angle estimation were summarized and analyzed both at home and abroad. The emphasis was put on the comparison of advantages and disadvantages for each estimation algorithm. Finally, the problems and development were presented, which contained model accuracy, signal fusion, error elimination of sensors and parameter adaptation. The parameter adaptation will be the key for research of estimation algorithm.