Abstract: A new type of shaft surface textured with rectangle-shaped micro-spiral grooves was introduced based on the lip seal reverse pumping mechanism to improve the sealing performance，and a steady-state full film lubrication model of lip seals was developed based on the mass conservation cavitation boundary condition，with considering the lip surface roughness and rubber-like elastic deformations.The lubrication governing equation was solved by the finite element method，and the lip seal pumping rate and frictional torque were obtained，then the effects of micro-spiral groove geometry parameters and the shaft rotating speeds on the sealing performances were investigated.The numerical results show that the pumping rate initially increases then decreases slowly with the groove angles，and the optimal groove angle is approximately 25 degree，increases with the groove depth，groove numbers and shaft rotating speed.In the other hand，the frictional torque decreases with the groove angle and groove depth，while increases with the groove numbers，and initially increases then decreases slowly even to arrive at a steady-level with the shaft rotating speed.The results provide a reference for the design and applications of micro-spiral grooves textured on the shaft surfaces improving the lip seal performances.

Key words: lip seal, pumping rate, frictional torque, micro-spiral groove, texture parameter, shaft rotating speed

摘要： 基于唇形油封的反向泵送作用密封原理，提出了一种轴表面矩形微螺旋槽织构，以提升油封密封性能；建立了油封唇口稳态的符合质量守恒的流体润滑理论模型，考虑了油封唇口表面粗糙形貌和弹性变形的影响，采用有限元法求解流体压力控制方程，获得了泵送率和摩擦扭矩等性能参数，研究了矩形微螺旋槽织构参数和轴转速对油封密封性能的影响规律。结果表明：泵送率具有随微螺旋槽角度的增大而呈先缓慢增大后逐渐减小，且螺旋角最佳值约25°，随微螺旋槽深度、线数和轴转速的增大而增大等变化规律；摩擦扭矩具有随微螺旋槽角度、深度的增大而减小，随微螺旋槽线数的增大而增大，随轴转速的增大而呈先增大后减小以至趋于稳定等变化规律。研究结果为轴表面微槽织构提高油封密封性能的设计与应用提供了参考。

关键词: 唇形油封, 泵送率, 摩擦扭矩, 微螺旋槽, 织构参数, 轴转速