Abstract:

By using computer simulation method, the feasibility of developing a frontal crash dummy was studied, which was in accordance with the characteristics of Chinese human body through a few changes to the current Hybrid Ⅲ dummy. Based on the scaling method, the finite element(FE) model of dummy was developed which can fit the characteristics of 50th percentile Chinese human body. Since the limbs were the most different body parts between Chinese and American and the torso of dummy was difficult to process after scaling, thus only the sizes of limbs were scaled and the size of some parts of torso were adjusted to develop another FE dummy model. The third FE dummy model was developed by changing the parameters of materials of the standard dummy model. Frontal crash simulations were conducted by using these three dummy models. The results show that changing the parameters of material has little effect on dummy collision response but changing the dimensions of dummy has a great effect on it. It is also indicated that the dynamic responses of the partial scaled dummy are basically consistent with that of the full scaled dummy. Therefore, the partial scaling method can be used to develop the Chinese occupant dummy.

Key words: Chinese human body, dummy, vehicle crash, simulation, scaling

摘要：

采用计算机仿真方法探讨了在现有Hybrid Ⅲ假人基础上通过较少的改变来开发符合中国人体特征的假人的可行性。根据比例缩放方法建立了整体符合中国50百分位人体的假人有限元模型。考虑到中美两国人体最大差异在于四肢,且躯干全部缩放后加工难度较大，故建立了以美国人体特征为基础仅缩放假人四肢和调整部分躯干部件的假人模型，同时，改变假人的材料参数得到了另外一个假人模型。对以上三个假人模型进行碰撞仿真,结果表明,改变假人的材料参数对其碰撞响应的影响很小,而缩放假人外形尺寸对其碰撞响应影响较大,且结果显示缩放假人四肢并调整部分躯干部件的假人与缩放全体段假人的动态响应基本吻合。因此，采用部分缩放的方法来开发中国假人是可行的。

关键词: 中国人体, 假人, 汽车碰撞, 仿真, 缩放