Abstract:

Based on the concept of hydraulic dissipation of kinetic energy,a novel structure of a shock pulse generator with combination of throttling by cone-shape spool and orifice was presented herein.By virtue of gap and orifice combination-throttling,the proposed structure dissipated the kinetic energy of a moving mass and decelerated it to a stop to produce desired shock pulses.By establishing motion equations of each component and analyzing the internal fluid dynamic phenomenon of the structure,the shock pulse generator was demonstrated numerically with such mechanical properties as:being able to self-adapt to the external loads applied to it;with high efficient dissipation of kinetic energy instantly;prompt and easy adjustment of the width and amplitude of shock pulses by changing the equivalent flow area of the damping orifices,which made it be applicable to different impact tests.It is suitable to use in conditions with large momentum change,especially the cases where the braking process with heavy moving loads and high speed is required to be controlled in desired way.

Key words: impact test, shock pulse generator, shock pulse, damper

摘要：

提出了一种具有非线性刚度特性的液压冲击脉冲发生器,该发生器采用缝隙和小孔组合节流产生的阻尼来吸收消耗高速运动负载的动能,以获得设定的脉冲波形;建立了脉冲发生器工作机理的力学模型,并对其机械特性进行了数值仿真分析预测。分析结果表明脉冲发生器具有如下特性：负载自适应性好,瞬间耗能和缓冲制动效果显著;冲击脉冲的脉宽和幅值调节方便;适用于重载高速紧急制动并对制动过程有控制要求的场合。

关键词: 碰撞试验, 冲击脉冲发生器, 冲击脉冲, 缓冲器