Flow Channel Wall Erosion Characteristics and Impacts on Performance in Radial Turbines

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2024.07.011

Abstract

Abstract: Carbon particles, as inherent products of internal combustion engine combustion, might cause erosion on channel walls of turbines when carried by the mainstream and affect performance after prolonged operations. The erosion characteristics of the walls of a certain radial flow turbine were calculated by means of two-phase flow numerical simulation, and the effects of various key parameters on the erosion rate density and performance deterioration of the turbine were investigated. The results show that the distribution characteristics of wall erosion are impacted by particle sizes and the effects on performance exhibite a non-linear changing pattern. Particle emission margin and expansion ratio presented a linear relationship with the change rate of the performance. The variations in turbine speed show a linear relationship with the efficiency change rate and exhibit a rapidly increasing and then continuously decreasing relationship with the change rate of the mass flow parameter(MFP). Particle sizes and turbine operating conditions are significant factors affecting the change rate of turbine performances, which are 5~7 times and 19~24 times greater than the effects of particle emission margin and expansion ratio on the change rate in efficiency and MFP, respectively.

Key words: turbocharger, radial turbine, erosion rate density, two-phase flow, performance impacts

摘要： 碳颗粒作为内燃机燃烧的固有产物，随主流运动时会对涡轮机壁面产生冲蚀，在长时间运行后对性能产生影响。通过两相流数值仿真手段对某径流式涡轮机的壁面冲蚀特性进行了分析，并研究了多种关键参数对涡轮机冲蚀率及性能的影响规律。研究结果表明：颗粒尺寸会对壁面冲蚀分布特征产生影响，对性能的影响呈非线性变化规律；颗粒排放裕度和膨胀比对性能变化率的影响呈线性关系；涡轮机转速的变化对效率变化率的影响呈线性关系，对相似流量变化率的影响呈先快速增加后持续下降的规律。颗粒尺寸和涡轮机工况是影响涡轮机性能变化率的显著因素，比颗粒排放裕度及膨胀比对效率变化率和相似流量变化率的影响分别大5~7倍和19~24倍。

关键词: 涡轮增压器, 径流涡轮机, 冲蚀率, 两相流, 性能影响

CLC Number:

TK422

MA Chao1, 2, ZHANG Jianjian2, 3, WANG Ningning2, 3, GUO Shanshan1, 2. Flow Channel Wall Erosion Characteristics and Impacts on Performance in Radial Turbines[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 35(07): 1232-1240.

马超1, 2, 张健健2, 3, 王宁宁2, 3, 郭姗姗1, 2. 径流涡轮机流道壁面冲蚀特性及对性能的影响[J]. 中国机械工程, 2024, 35(07): 1232-1240.

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