Abstract: In view of the difficulty in measuring the solid cylinder pore defects in hot shaft forgings at high temperature, a method for detecting the depth of pores was proposed based on the improved fireworks algorithm. Firstly, according to the internal micro element model of forgings and the heat transfer differential equation of transient temperature field, the differential equation of the relationship between the temperature field of the solid cylinder pore and the radius of the pore was derived, then the differential equation was solved by the separation variable method. Secondly, the fireworks algorithm was improved to improve the depth detection accuracy of the solid cylinder pores. Then the objective function of defect depth was constructed for testing, and the relative error of the optimal solution is as 2.5%. Finally, the same pore depth was detected by the proposed method, the PSO algorithm and the traditional fireworks algorithm respectively in order to verify the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.

Key words: hot shaft forgings, the solid cylinder pore, separation variable method, fireworks algorithm

摘要： 针对高温状态下热态轴类锻件内部产生的圆柱体空洞缺陷测量困难的问题，提出基于改进的烟花算法检测空洞深度方法。根据锻件的内部微元模型和瞬态温度场传热微分方程推导圆柱体空洞温度场与空洞半径关系的微分方程，利用分离变量法求解；对烟花算法进行改进，以提高圆柱体空洞深度检测精度；构造缺陷深度的目标函数进行测试，得到最优解的相对误差为2.5%。最后，运用所提方法、PSO算法和传统的烟花算法于同一深度的空洞分别进行检测，验证所提方法的可行性。

关键词: 热态轴类锻件, 圆柱体空洞, 分离变量法, 烟花算法