3D打印连续纤维复合材料丝材的成形规律

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对3D打印连续纤维增强热塑性树脂复合材料，研究了热塑性树脂在螺杆挤出过程中的流动机理和在纤维界面的浸渍行为，揭示了螺杆转速和牵引速度对复合丝材成形直径和纤维含量的影响规律。提出使用实际浸渍时间和理论完全浸渍时间来共同表征树脂对纤维的浸渍程度，观察复合丝材断面的形貌可知，高浸渍程度的丝材内部空隙较少，树脂和纤维结合更紧密。进行3D打印成形测试，当丝材的浸渍程度从17.25%提高到40.02%，样件的拉伸强度可从132 MPa 提高到160 MPa，提高约21%。对样件进行动态力学性能分析(DMA)测试，试验结果表明浸渍程度高的复合材料成形件具有高的存储模量和损耗模量，表明其纤维和基体间的界面结合程度得到了提高和改善。

关键词: 热塑性树脂, 丝材成形, 增材制造, 3D打印, 复合材料

Abstract: For the 3D printing of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin composites, the flowing mechanism of the resin in the screw extrusion processes together with the impregnation behavior of the resin at the fiber interfaces were studied. The effects of screw rotating speads and traction speeds on the forming diameter and fiber content of the composite filaments were revealed. The actual impregnation time and theoretical complete impregnation time were used to jointly characterize the impregnation degree of the resin to the fiber. The interface morphology of the composite filaments was observed. It is showed that the internal voids in filament with high impregnation degree is less, and the resin and fiber are more closely combined. After 3D printing, when the degree of impregnation is increased from 17.25% to 40.02%, the tensile strength of the composite specimens is increased from 132 MPa to 160 MPa accordingly with an increasing rate of 21%. Furthermore, the dynamic mechanics analysis(DMA) test was carried out on the forming parts, the testing results show that, the specimen with higher impregnation degree has higher storage modulus and loss modulus, which indicates that the degree of interface bonding between the fiber and the matrix is improved.

Key words: thermoplastic resin, filament forming, additive manufacturing, 3D printing, composite

中图分类号:

TH145.4

范聪泽1, 2;单忠德1;邹贵生2;战丽1;刘晓军1. 3D打印连续纤维复合材料丝材的成形规律[J]. 中国机械工程.

FAN Congze1,2;SHAN Zhongde1;ZOU Guisheng2;ZHAN Li1;LIU Xiaojun1. Forming Laws of Continuous Fiber Composite Filaments in 3D Printing[J]. China Mechanical Engineering.

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