基于初始变形的薄板堆焊变形预测技术

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对薄板初始变形对焊接结构件尺寸精度的影响，提出了基于数字图像相关技术的光学检测方法，对薄板堆焊变形预测精度进行全场动态研究。首先采用结构光扫描的方法，获取焊接结构件初始变形轮廓，然后基于初始变形模型进行焊接变形预测，最后通过理想模型和初始变形模型预测数据对比，研究结构初始变形对堆焊变形精度的影响。研究结果表明：基于数字图像相关技术的测量方法是静态、动态获取焊接变形数据的有效手段；相对于理想结构模型，基于初始变形结构的模型，在单点动态和全场静态变形中具有较高的预测精度；两种模型在焊接完成后均呈马鞍形，但初始变形促进了焊接演变过程；初始变形缺陷影响了纵向残余压应力分布，是引起不同焊接变形的根本原因。

关键词: 动态变形, 薄板, 堆焊, 初始变形, 数字图像相关

Abstract: For the influences of the initial deformations of the metal sheet on the dimensional accuracy of the welded structures, based on digital image correlation technology an optical detection method was proposed to study full-field dynamic accuracy prediction of bead-on-plate welding deformations. Firstly, the structural light scanning method was used to obtain the initial deformation profiles of the welded structures, and then the welding deformation prediction was performed based on the initial deformation model. Finally, the influences of the initial deformations of the structures on the welding deformations were studied through the ideal plate model and the initial deformation model prediction data. The results show that the plate model based on the initial deformation structure has higher precision in single-point dynamic and full-field static deformations compared with the ideal structure model. Both models are saddle-shaped after welding, but the initial deformations promote the deformations of the welding evolution processes. The initial deformations affect the longitudinal residual compressive stress distribution, which is the root cause of different welding deformations.

Key words: dynamic deformation, metal sheet, bead-on-plate welding, initial deformation, digital image correlation

中图分类号:

TG404

郭楠1;马喜强1;殷咸青2;余永健1. 基于初始变形的薄板堆焊变形预测技术[J]. 中国机械工程.

GUO Nan1;MA Xiqiang1;YIN Xianqing2;YU Yongjian1. Bead-on-plate Welding Deformation Prediction Technology Based on Initial Deformation Defects of Metal Sheet[J]. China Mechanical Engineering.

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