高氮钢激光电弧复合堆焊层的电化学腐蚀性能

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.12.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用电化学腐蚀方法研究了不同焊接参数对堆焊表层腐蚀行为的影响。研究结果表明，堆焊层耐蚀性随堆焊电流I、激光功率P、堆焊速度v的增大呈现先升高后降低的趋势；I=220 A，P=3.2 kW，v=0.8 m/min时，焊缝氮含量较高，试样表面钝化膜稳定性较好，抗点蚀能力最强。观察试样腐蚀形貌发现，I=260 A或v=0.6 m/min时，焊缝表面点蚀坑大而密集，并形成腐蚀沟，焊缝中的树枝晶有连续生长并向外扩展的趋势；P增至3.2 kW时，焊缝中的粗大柱状树枝晶变为均匀细小的条状枝晶，改善了耐蚀性。

关键词: 高氮钢, 电化学腐蚀, 堆焊, 点蚀, 树枝晶

Abstract: The effects of different welding parameters on surface corrosion behavior of surfacing weld were studied by electrochemical corrosion method. Research results show that corrosion resistance of surfacing layers increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of surfacing current I, laser power P, and surfacing speed v. Nitrogen content of welds is higher as I=220 A, P=3.2 kW, v=0.8 m/min, passive film on sample surfaces has better stability and the strongest pitting resistance. It is found from the corrosion morphology of the sample as I=260 A or v=0.6 m/min, pitting pits on the weld surfaces are large and dense, and corrosion ditch is formed, the dendrites in the welds tend to grow continuously and expand outward. When power increases to 3.2 kW, coarse columnar dendrites in the welds transforme into uniform and fine dendrites, which improves the corrosion resistance.

Key words: , high nitrogen steel, electrochemical corrosion, surfacing, pitting corrosion, dendritic crystal

中图分类号:

TG457.11

芮蔚, 白頔, 齐彤, 杜劭峰, 杨炙坤, 刘凤德, 张宏. 高氮钢激光电弧复合堆焊层的电化学腐蚀性能[J]. 中国机械工程, 2021, 32(12): 1503-1511.

RUI Wei, BAI Di, QI Tong, DU Shaofeng, YANG Zhikun, LIU Fengde, ZHANG Hong. Electrochemical Corrosion Performance of Laser-arc Hybrid Surfacing Layers for High Nitrogen Steel#br#[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 32(12): 1503-1511.

参考文献

［1］任艳艳,张国赏,魏世忠,等.我国堆焊技术的发展及展望［J］. 焊接技术,2012,41(6):1-4.
REN Yanyan, ZHANG Guoshang, WEI Shizhong, et al. Development and Prospects of Surfacing Technology in My Country［J］. Welding Technology, 2012, 41(6):1-4.
［2］LANG Yuping, QU Huapeng, CHEN Haitao, et al. Research Progress and Development Tendency of Nitrogen-alloyed Austenitic Stainless Steels［J］. Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2015,22(2):91-98.
［3］王力锋,刘凤德,刘双宇,等.高氮钢复合焊接接头组织与力学性能研究［J］.中国机械工程,2016,27(24):3382-3388.
WANG Lifeng, LIU Fengde, LIU Shuangyu, et al. Study on Welded Joint Microstructure and Mechanics Properties of High Nitrogen Steels for Laser-arc Hybrid Welding［J］. China Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 27(24):3382-3388.
［4］何实,李家宇,赵昆.我国堆焊技术发展历程回顾与展望［J］.金属加工,2009,60(22):32-34.
HE Shi, LI Jiayu, ZHAO Kun. Review andProspect of the Development Process of Surfacing Technology in My Country［J］. Metal Processing, 2009, 60(22):32-34.
［5］闻章鲁,周琦,余进.高氮钢电弧增材制造工艺及组织性能研究［J］.热加工工艺, 2017(23):235-238.
WEN Zhanglu, ZHOU Qi, YU Jin. Research on Arc Additive Manufacturing Process and Microstructure and Properties of High Nitrogen Steel［J］. Hot Working Technology, 2017(23):235-238.
［6］叶约翰,周琦,秦伟铭,等.高氮钢-不锈钢电弧增材制造表面形貌研究［J］. 机械制造与自动化, 2019, 48(3):42-45.
YE Yuehan, Zhou Qi, QIN Weiming, et al. Study of Surface Morphology of High Nitrogen Steel-stainless Steel Arc Additive［J］. Machine Building & Automation, 2019, 48(3):42-45.
［7］赵耀邦,成群林,徐爱杰,等. 激光-电弧复合焊接技术的研究进展及应用现状［J］. 航天制造技术, 2014, 8(4):11-14.
ZHAO Yaobang, CHENG Qunlin, XU Aijie, et al. Research Progress and Application Status of Laser-arc Hybrid Welding Technology［J］. Aerospace Manufacturing Technology, 2014, 8(4):11-14.
［8］刘黎明,陈亮,宋刚. 高强钢低功率脉冲激光诱导熔化极活性气体保护电弧仰焊成形［J］. 中国机械工程, 2020, 31(17):2137-2141.
LIU Liming, CHEN Liang, SONG Gang. Weld Formation of High Strength Steels by Low-power Pulsed Laser Induced Mental Active Gas Hybrid Welding in Overhead Positions［J］. China Mechanical Engineering, 2020,31(17):2137-2141.
［9］孙硕,刘双宇,贾冬生,等. 高氮钢激光-电弧复合焊焊缝成形多元非线性回归模型［J］. 机械工程学报, 2015, 51(8):67-75.
SUN Shuo, LIU Shuangyu, JIA Dongsheng, et al. Multivariate Nonlinear Regression Model for Weld Formation of High Nitrogen Steel Laser-arc Hybrid Welding［J］. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 51(8):67-75.
［10］刘丽霞,乔岩欣. pH值对高氮钢在NaCl溶液中腐蚀行为的影响［J］. 腐蚀科学与防护技术, 2014, 26(2):132-136.
LIU Lixia, QIAO Yanxin. Effect of pH Value on Electrochemical Behavior of High Nitrogen Stainless Steel in NaCl Solution［J］. Corrosion Science and Protection Technology, 2014, 26(2):132-136.
［11］MORI G, BAUERNFEIND D. Pitting and Crevice Corrosion of Superaustenitic Stainless Steels［J］. Materials & Corrosion, 2015, 55(3):164-173.
［12］OLEFJORD I, WEGRELIUS L. The Influence of Nitrogen on the Passivation of Stainless Steels［J］. Corrosion Science, 1996,38(7):1203-1220.
［13］吴欣强,付尧,柯伟,等. 高氮奥氏体不锈钢的腐蚀行为研究［J］. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2016, 36(3):197-204.
WU Xinqiang, FU Yao, KE Wei, et al. Research on Corrosion Behavior of High Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steel［J］. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection, 2016, 36(3):197-204.
［14］FENG H, JIANG Z, LI H, et al. Influence of Nitrogen on Corrosion Behaviour of High Nitrogen Martensitic Stainless Steels Manufactured by Pressurized Metallurgy［J］. Corrosion Science, 2018, 144(11):288-300.
［15］赵琳,田志凌,彭云,等. 1Cr22Mn16N高氮钢激光焊接Ⅰ.焊接保护气体组成和热输入对焊缝氮含量及气孔性的影响［J］. 焊接学报, 2007, 28(8):89-91.
ZHAO Lin, TIAN Zhiling, PENG Yun, et al. Laser Welding of High Nitrogen Steel 1Cr22Mn16N Ⅰ. Influence of Welding Shielding Gas Composition and Heat Input on Weld Nitrogen Content and Porosity［J］. Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2007, 28(8):89-91.
［16］PAN C, LIU L, LI Y, et al. The Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Nanocrystalline 304 Stainless Steel Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering［J］. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2012, 159(11):C453-C460.
［17］RALSTON K D, BIRBILIS N, DAVIES C H J. Revealing the Relationship between Grain Size and Corrosion Rate of Metals［J］. Scripta Materialia, 2010, 63(12):1201-1204.
［18］GARCIA C, MARTIN F, TIEDRA P D, et al. Pitting Corrosion of Welded Joints of Austenitic Stainless Steels Studied by Using an Electrochemical Minicell［J］. Corrosion Science, 2008, 50(4):1184-1194.
［19］石林,郑志军,高岩.不锈钢的点蚀机理及研究方法［J］.材料导报, 2015, 29(23):79-85.
SHI Lin, ZHENG Zhijun, GAO Yan. Pitting Corrosion Mechanism and Research Methods of Stainless Steel［J］. Materials Reports, 2015, 29(23):79-85.
［20］潘莹,张三平,周建龙,等. 金属材料点蚀形核过程研究进展［J］. 装备环境工程, 2010(4):67-70.
PAN Ying, ZHANG Sanping, ZHOU Jianlong, et al. Research Progress on Pitting Nucleation Process of Metallic Materials［J］. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2010(4):67-70.
［21］LI H B, JIANG Z H, YANG Y, et al. Pitting Corrosion and Crevice Corrosion Behaviors of High Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steels［J］. International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy & Materials, 2009, 16(5):517-524.
［22］郭龙龙,郑华林,李悦钦,等.热丝脉冲TIG堆焊Inconel625的组织及性能［J］. 中国表面工程, 2016, 29(2):77-84.
GUO Longlong, ZHENG Hualin, LI Yueqin, et al. Microstructure and Properties of Inconel625 in Hot Wire Pulse TIG Surfacing ［J］. China Surface Engineering, 2016, 29(2):77-84.

[1]	员霄1;王井1,2;何冰1,2;陈志凯1,2;朱青海1;蹤雪梅1,2. H13钢激光相变硬化的组织与性能试验研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2020, 31(04): 432-437,444.
[2]	郭楠1;马喜强1;殷咸青2;余永健1. 基于初始变形的薄板堆焊变形预测技术[J]. 中国机械工程, 2020, 31(03): 367-372.
[3]	周松;许良;回丽;王磊;马少华;韩放. 不同腐蚀环境下高强铝合金腐蚀行为[J]. 中国机械工程, 2017, 28(16): 2000-2007.
[4]	王力锋, 刘凤德, 刘双宇, 张宏, 刘薇娜, 田淼磊, . 高氮钢复合焊接接头组织与力学性能研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2016, 27(24): 3382-3388.
[5]	张勇, 唐俊, 郭威, 张鲲鹏. 随焊旋转冲击对液压支架熔覆层性能影响研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2016, 27(20): 2797-2801.
[6]	王华君, 李相超, 赵堃, 谢冰. 基于钴基合金覆层的多层金属热锻模原型制备与性能[J]. 中国机械工程, 2015, 26(6): 828-830,836.
[7]	沈晔超1, 宋守许1, 王玉琳1, 杜长春2. 基于汽车驱动桥壳再制造的堆焊可靠性研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2013, 24(5): 676-680.
[8]	王淑坤, 冯立, 孟繁忠. 汽车链滚子元件的高速多冲抗力研究 [J]. 中国机械工程, 2010, 21(9): 1009-1013.
[9]	李慧剑;申光宪;黄庆学;. 轧机油膜轴承锥套接触疲劳损伤的机理分析[J]. J4, 2008, 19(4): 0-387.
[10]	蒋旻;栗卓新;王英杰;史耀武;. 含钒耐磨堆焊合金的组织与性能[J]. J4, 2008, 19(13): 0-1522.