活塞内冷油腔的振荡传热特性及位置的研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以一款非道路用高压共轨柴油机铝合金活塞为研究对象，在试验测试的基础上建立了活塞-内冷油腔耦合传热数值仿真模型，研究了发动机循环过程中内冷油腔的振荡传热特性，分析了内冷油腔位置对活塞温度场和热应力场的影响规律。研究结果表明：在发动机循环过程中，内冷油腔壁面换热系数随油腔中机油分布规律周期性变化；内冷油腔靠近活塞顶面和环槽底面时，能显著降低活塞最高温度及一环槽温度，内冷油腔设计时应在结构强度允许范围内，尽量靠近活塞顶面和环槽底面；内冷油腔过于靠近活塞壁面时，活塞第三环槽及内腔顶面区域出现较大的局部热应力。

关键词: 内燃机, 活塞, 内冷油腔, 温度场, 热应力

Abstract: An aluminum alloy piston of non-road high pressure common rail diesel engine was invoked as the research object. A numerical simulation model of piston-internal cooling chamber heat transfer was established based on the experimental results. The accuracy of the simulation model was verified by comparing the simulated temperature field of the piston with the test results. Transient heat transfer characteristics of piston oil cooling gallery in engine working cycle processes were studied. Influences of the gallery positions on piston temperature fields and piston thermal stress fields were analyzed. The results reveal that the instantaneous heat transfer coefficient of the gallery inner wall is periodically changed with the gallery oil distribution in engine working cycle processes. The piston maximum temperature and the first ring temperature may be significantly reduced when the gallery positions are close to the piston top surfaces and the bottoms of the ring groove.Thus, the gallery positions should be as close as possible to the piston top surfaces and the bottoms of the ring groove within the allowable ranges of structural strength. But, when the gallery is positioned too close to the piston walls, a greater local thermal stress will be generated at the areas of third ring groove and inner cavity top surfaces of the pistons.

Key words: internal combustion engine, piston, cooling gallery, temperature field, thermal stress

中图分类号:

TK422

文均1，2;王东方1;雷基林1;李浙昆1;温志高2;代云辉3;辛千凡1. 活塞内冷油腔的振荡传热特性及位置的研究[J]. 中国机械工程.

WEN Jun1,2;WANG Dongfang1;LEI Jilin1;LI Zhekun1;WEN Zhigao2;DAI Yunhui3;XIN Qianfan1. Study on Oscillation Heat Transfer Characteristics and Position of Cooling Gallery[J]. China Mechanical Engineering.

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