关键词: 挖掘机, D-最优设计, 测点布置, 载荷反演, 有限元仿真

Abstract: Aiming at the problems that it was difficult to determine the load boundary conditions of mechanical structures under complex working conditions， an external load inversion technology  was proposed based on multi-information fusion of simulation and measurement. Firstly， the finite element model of the structures to be studied was established， the unit load was applied at the positions of the external load， and the full field strain response of the member was calculated. Then， the optimal layout scheme of measured points and the optimal load coefficient matrix of strain test were obtained based on the D-optimal design principle， and the dynamic response relationship between external load and strain was established. According to the obtained measured point layout scheme， the strain gauges were pasted on the structure to measure the dynamic strain histories of the machine in the actual working processes， the dynamic external load histories of the structure was inversed based on the measured strain histories and the response relationship between load and strain. Taking the working devices of the hydraulic excavator as an example， the hinge point load of the boom was determined by the proposed method， the load inversion results were used as the input of boom transient dynamics analysis， and the simulation values of base measurement points and non-base strain were calculated， the measured values were compared with the simulated values to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method. 

Key words: excavator, D-optimal design, measured point layout, load inversion, finite element simulation