China Mechanical Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (8): 1999-2008.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.08.019

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Docking Trajectory Planning Based on Improved Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization for Mobile Robots

WU Xing1(), LYU Peng1, SHA Jinlong2, LI Yangzhi1, Meng Zhaoxu2   

  1. 1.College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing,210016
    2.No. 208 Research Institute of China Ordnance Industries,Beijing,102202
  • Received:2025-08-18 Online:2026-08-25 Published:2026-09-17
  • Contact: WU Xing

基于改进多目标粒子群优化的移动机器人对接轨迹规划

武星1(), 吕鹏1, 沙金龙2, 李杨志1, 孟昭旭2   

  1. 1.南京航空航天大学机电学院, 南京, 210016
    2.中国兵器工业第二〇八研究所, 北京, 102202
  • 通讯作者: 武星
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52475521);国防基础科研计划重点项目(JCKY2022209B001);民用航天技术预研项目(D020201);国网江苏省电力有限公司科技项目(J2025096)

Abstract:

To address the challenge of simultaneously achieving smoothness and efficiency in mobile robot docking trajectory planning, this study proposes a trajectory planning method based on an improved multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm. The docking trajectory is constructed using quintic B-spline curves, and a control point superposition and ordering strategy is applied to ensure trajectory monotonicity. A multi-objective optimization model is then established with docking jerk and docking time as the objectives. An improved MOPSO algorithm, incorporating hybrid initialization sampling, adaptive grid-based particle selection, and population mutation, is employed to solve for the Pareto front of the multi-objective trajectory planning problem, from which the optimal trajectory is selected using the mean evaluation method. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can generate docking trajectories that achieve both smoothness and efficiency, with docking jerk≤3.9 mm/s³ and docking time≤15.2 s.

Key words: trajectory planning, multi-objective optimization, B-spline curve, particle swarm optimization(PSO), mobile robot docking

摘要:

针对移动机器人对接轨迹规划中平稳性和高效性难以兼顾的问题,提出一种基于改进多目标粒子群优化的对接轨迹规划方法。首先采用五次B样条曲线构建对接轨迹模型,并采用控制点叠加排序法保证对接轨迹的单调性;然后以对接轨迹的急动度与对接时间为优化目标,建立对接轨迹多目标优化模型;进而采用混合初始化采样、自适应网格粒子筛选与种群粒子变异融合的改进多目标粒子群优化算法求解多目标轨迹规划的Pareto前沿,并通过平均评价法选取最优对接轨迹。仿真与实验结果表明,所提方法可生成兼具平稳性和高效性的对接轨迹,对接急动度不大于3.9 mm/s³,对接时间不大于15.2 s。

关键词: 轨迹规划, 多目标优化, B样条曲线, 粒子群算法, 移动机器人对接

CLC Number: