

China Mechanical Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (10): 2667-2675.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.10.029
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PANG Xiaoping1(
), XIANG Juntao1, FENG Yuanlin1, YANG Zhongxiang1, KABAGEMA Benjamin1, ZHAO Weidong2
Received:2025-03-31
Online:2026-10-25
Published:2026-11-10
Contact:
PANG Xiaoping
庞晓平1(
), 向俊滔1, 冯原林1, 杨中翔1, KABAGEMA Benjamin1, 赵卫东2
通讯作者:
庞晓平
作者简介:庞晓平*(通信作者),女,1975年生,博士、副教授。研究方向为工程机械智能化、数字化。E-mail:pangxp@cqu.edu.cn。
基金资助:CLC Number:
PANG Xiaoping, XIANG Juntao, FENG Yuanlin, YANG Zhongxiang, KABAGEMA Benjamin, ZHAO Weidong. Analysis and Optimization of Compound Excavation Force in Hydraulic Excavators Based on Dual-cylinder Linkage[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 37(10): 2667-2675.
庞晓平, 向俊滔, 冯原林, 杨中翔, KABAGEMA Benjamin, 赵卫东. 基于双缸联动的液压挖掘机复合挖掘力分析及优化[J]. 中国机械工程, 2026, 37(10): 2667-2675.
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URL: https://www.cmemo.org.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.10.029
| 机型 | 质量/t | 动臂长度LAB /m | 斗杆长度LBG /m | 铲斗长度LGJ /m |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 21 | 5.71 | 2.915 | 1.48 |
| 2 | 21 | 5.71 | 2.930 | 1.51 |
| 3 | 21 | 5.68 | 2.910 | 1.57 |
Tab.1 Basic parameters of the test prototype
| 机型 | 质量/t | 动臂长度LAB /m | 斗杆长度LBG /m | 铲斗长度LGJ /m |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 21 | 5.71 | 2.915 | 1.48 |
| 2 | 21 | 5.71 | 2.930 | 1.51 |
| 3 | 21 | 5.68 | 2.910 | 1.57 |
| 综合评估 | 力度 | 速度 | 灵敏性 | 柔和性 | 协调性 | 得分 | 平均总分 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 机型1 | 操作手1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 12 | 12.33 |
| 操作手2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 12 | ||
| 操作手3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 13 | ||
| 机型2 | 操作手1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 11 | 11.33 |
| 操作手2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 12 | ||
| 操作手3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 11 | ||
| 机型3 | 操作手1 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 19 | 19.33 |
| 操作手2 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 21 | ||
| 操作手3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 18 | ||
Tab.2 Evaluation of the operation of three models by three operators (with a maximum score of 5 points)
| 综合评估 | 力度 | 速度 | 灵敏性 | 柔和性 | 协调性 | 得分 | 平均总分 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 机型1 | 操作手1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 12 | 12.33 |
| 操作手2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 12 | ||
| 操作手3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 13 | ||
| 机型2 | 操作手1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 11 | 11.33 |
| 操作手2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 12 | ||
| 操作手3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 11 | ||
| 机型3 | 操作手1 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 19 | 19.33 |
| 操作手2 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 21 | ||
| 操作手3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 18 | ||
| 设计变量 | 优化前 | 优化后 | 设计变量 | 优化前 | 优化后 | 设计变量 | 优化前 | 优化后 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LAO /mm | 146.00 | 143.19 | LBG /mm | 2915.00 | 2863.88 | LGJ /mm | 1480 | 1473 |
| H/mm | 1806.00 | 1806.45 | LBH /mm | 850.00 | 859.92 | LGL /mm | 475.0 | 484.5 |
| XF /mm | 486.00 | 495.52 | ∠GBH | 163.59° | 164.05° | ∠LGJ | 107.74° | 117.00° |
| YF /mm | 630.00 | 622.86 | LBE /mm | 664.80 | 663.37 | L1,max/mm | 3185 | 3185 |
| LAB /mm | 5710.00 | 5692.08 | ∠GBE | 60.81° | 61.54° | L1,min/mm | 2075 | 2070 |
| LAC /mm | 2528.00 | 2544.15 | LBN /mm | 2506 | 2575 | L2,max/mm | 3565 | 3560 |
| ∠BAC | 22.77° | 22.45° | ∠GBN | 0.61° | 0.60° | L2,min/mm | 1680 | 1680 |
| LAD /mm | 3410.00 | 3430.34 | LKN /mm | 640.0 | 654.5 | L3,max/mm | 2800 | 2805 |
| ∠BAD | 21.24° | 22.45° | LKL /mm | 600.0 | 611.5 | L3,min/mm | 1680 | 1680 |
Tab.3 Comparison of design variables before and after optimization
| 设计变量 | 优化前 | 优化后 | 设计变量 | 优化前 | 优化后 | 设计变量 | 优化前 | 优化后 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LAO /mm | 146.00 | 143.19 | LBG /mm | 2915.00 | 2863.88 | LGJ /mm | 1480 | 1473 |
| H/mm | 1806.00 | 1806.45 | LBH /mm | 850.00 | 859.92 | LGL /mm | 475.0 | 484.5 |
| XF /mm | 486.00 | 495.52 | ∠GBH | 163.59° | 164.05° | ∠LGJ | 107.74° | 117.00° |
| YF /mm | 630.00 | 622.86 | LBE /mm | 664.80 | 663.37 | L1,max/mm | 3185 | 3185 |
| LAB /mm | 5710.00 | 5692.08 | ∠GBE | 60.81° | 61.54° | L1,min/mm | 2075 | 2070 |
| LAC /mm | 2528.00 | 2544.15 | LBN /mm | 2506 | 2575 | L2,max/mm | 3565 | 3560 |
| ∠BAC | 22.77° | 22.45° | ∠GBN | 0.61° | 0.60° | L2,min/mm | 1680 | 1680 |
| LAD /mm | 3410.00 | 3430.34 | LKN /mm | 640.0 | 654.5 | L3,max/mm | 2800 | 2805 |
| ∠BAD | 21.24° | 22.45° | LKL /mm | 600.0 | 611.5 | L3,min/mm | 1680 | 1680 |
| 优化轨迹 | 优化前/kN | 优化后/kN | 变化率/% |
|---|---|---|---|
| 轨迹1 | 122.10 | 128.06 | 4.88 |
| 轨迹2 | 123.21 | 129.26 | 4.91 |
| 轨迹3 | 124.38 | 129.15 | 3.83 |
| 轨迹4 | 123.28 | 128.48 | 4.21 |
| 轨迹5 | 122.10 | 127.71 | 4.59 |
| 轨迹6 | 122.50 | 128.61 | 4.98 |
| 轨迹7 | 120.85 | 127.82 | 5.76 |
| 轨迹8 | 122.62 | 128.22 | 4.56 |
| 轨迹9 | 122.61 | 125.54 | 2.38 |
| 轨迹10 | 121.11 | 130.91 | 8.09 |
| 轨迹11 | 124.69 | 132.26 | 6.07 |
Tab.4 Comparison of the average composite excavation force of each trajectory before and after optimization
| 优化轨迹 | 优化前/kN | 优化后/kN | 变化率/% |
|---|---|---|---|
| 轨迹1 | 122.10 | 128.06 | 4.88 |
| 轨迹2 | 123.21 | 129.26 | 4.91 |
| 轨迹3 | 124.38 | 129.15 | 3.83 |
| 轨迹4 | 123.28 | 128.48 | 4.21 |
| 轨迹5 | 122.10 | 127.71 | 4.59 |
| 轨迹6 | 122.50 | 128.61 | 4.98 |
| 轨迹7 | 120.85 | 127.82 | 5.76 |
| 轨迹8 | 122.62 | 128.22 | 4.56 |
| 轨迹9 | 122.61 | 125.54 | 2.38 |
| 轨迹10 | 121.11 | 130.91 | 8.09 |
| 轨迹11 | 124.69 | 132.26 | 6.07 |
| 挖掘深度 | 挖掘力 | 优化前/kN | 优化后/kN | 增长比例/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 表面挖掘 | 平均挖掘力 | 118.31 | 122.19 | 3.28 |
| 最大挖掘力 | 145.17 | 151.04 | 4.04 | |
| 1 m挖掘 | 平均挖掘力 | 121.76 | 125.78 | 3.30 |
| 最大挖掘力 | 151.51 | 160.09 | 5.67 | |
| 2 m挖掘 | 平均挖掘力 | 123.32 | 130.67 | 5.96 |
| 最大挖掘力 | 150.69 | 172.86 | 14.40 |
Tab.5 Data of model excavation before and after optimization
| 挖掘深度 | 挖掘力 | 优化前/kN | 优化后/kN | 增长比例/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 表面挖掘 | 平均挖掘力 | 118.31 | 122.19 | 3.28 |
| 最大挖掘力 | 145.17 | 151.04 | 4.04 | |
| 1 m挖掘 | 平均挖掘力 | 121.76 | 125.78 | 3.30 |
| 最大挖掘力 | 151.51 | 160.09 | 5.67 | |
| 2 m挖掘 | 平均挖掘力 | 123.32 | 130.67 | 5.96 |
| 最大挖掘力 | 150.69 | 172.86 | 14.40 |
| 综合评估 | 评价项 | 优化后机型相比优化前机型评价 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 操作手1 | 操作手2 | 操作手3 | ||
| 力度 | 感觉有力 | 稍好 | 稍好 | 稍好 |
| 整机稳定性 | 感觉最远挖掘时的整机稳定 | 相当 | 相当 | 相当 |
| 动作协调性 | 感觉动作协调 | 相当 | 相当 | 相当 |
Tab.6 The actual operational evaluation results of the optimized model compared to the pre-optimized model
| 综合评估 | 评价项 | 优化后机型相比优化前机型评价 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 操作手1 | 操作手2 | 操作手3 | ||
| 力度 | 感觉有力 | 稍好 | 稍好 | 稍好 |
| 整机稳定性 | 感觉最远挖掘时的整机稳定 | 相当 | 相当 | 相当 |
| 动作协调性 | 感觉动作协调 | 相当 | 相当 | 相当 |
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