中国机械工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 2268-2277.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.09.019

• 机械基础工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

微行程尺度下精密线性平台装配误差解耦与定位精度优化研究

严定伟1, 唐皓1, 郑煜2, 李鹤葶3   

  1. 1.湖南科技大学机械设备健康维护湖南省重点实验室, 湘潭, 411201
    2.中南大学机电学院, 长沙, 410083
    3.西弥斯医疗科技(湖南)有限公司, 湘潭, 411100
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-14 出版日期:2026-09-25 发布日期:2026-10-21
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52575569);中南大学极端服役性能精准制造全国重点实验室开放基金(Kfkt2025-19)

Research on Decoupling of Assembly Errors and Optimization of Positioning Accuracy for Precision Linear Platforms at Micro-scale

YAN Dingwei1, TANG Hao1, ZHENG Yu2, LI Heting3   

  1. 1.Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Maintenance for Mechanical Equipment,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan,Hunan,411201
    2.College of Mechanical and Electronical Engineering,Central South University,Changsha,410083
    3.Xemis Medical Technology(Hunan)Co. ,Ltd. ,Xiangtan,Hunan,411100
  • Received:2025-05-14 Online:2026-09-25 Published:2026-10-21

摘要:

为提高微行程尺度下精密线性平台定位精度,根据不同位移尺度定位精度机理,基于装配误差,提出一种装配误差解耦与定位精度提高优化方法。首先,采用提炼的概率密度函数传递算子,通过“组件-装配误差项-几何精度”多对多误差分布耦合映射关系,建立包括装配过程定位精度变化趋势,以及装配误差传递规律的精密运动平台综合预测模型;然后,以装配次序为变量,通过间接改变装配误差的耦合关系,进行误差测量验证和耦合映射关系表征;最后,依据误差传递规律,实现了平台装配优化和定位精度的提高。优化后的装配实验结果表明:依照ISO标准,在1 mm行程下双向定位误差由20 μm降低到6 μm,分布均值绝对值从3.9 μm降低至0.5 μm,标准差从4.9 μm降低至2.4 μm,说明该方法对精密线性平台定位精度的提高行之有效。

关键词: 微行程, 概率密度函数, 装配误差, 误差建模, 定位精度优化

Abstract:

To improve positioning accuracies of precision linear platforms at micro-stroke scales, based on their mechanism under different displacement scales and assembly errors, an optimization method for assembly error decoupling and positioning accuracy improvement was proposed. First, using a refined probability density function transfer operator and the many-to-many error distribution coupling mappings of “components–assembly error items-geometric accuracies”, a comprehensive prediction model for precision motion platforms was established, including positioning accuracy variation trends during assembly and assembly error transfer laws; second, with assembly sequences as variables, error measurement verifications and coupling mapping characterizations were performed by indirectly changing assembly error couplings; then, based on assembly error transfer laws, platform assembly optimizations and positioning accuracy improvements were realized.Optimized assembly results show that, per ISO standards, at a 1 mm stroke, bidirectional positioning error decreases from 20 μm to 6 μm, absolute distribution means from 3.9 μm to 0.5 μm, and standard deviations from 4.9 μm to 2.4 μm, indicating that this method is effective for improving precision linear platform positioning accuracies.

Key words: micro-distance, probability density function, assembly error, error modeling, positioning accuracy optimization

中图分类号: