中国机械工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (7): 1763-1770.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.07.026
• 先进材料加工工程 • 上一篇
魏宽居1,2(
), 李大永3, 顾天虹2, 杨雨童1(
), 万剑平4, 黄诗尧1
收稿日期:2025-07-17
出版日期:2026-07-25
发布日期:2026-08-18
通讯作者:
杨雨童
作者简介:魏宽居,男,1989年生,博士研究生。研究方向为铝合金塑性成形。E-mail:Kuanju.Wei17@student.xjtlu.edu.cn基金资助:
WEI Kuanju1,2(
), LI Dayong3, GU Tianhong2, YANG Yutong1(
), WAN Jianping4, HUANG Shiyao1
Received:2025-07-17
Online:2026-07-25
Published:2026-08-18
Contact:
YANG Yutong
摘要:
针对环件轧制过程中的失稳、失圆问题,提出一种基于环件偏移量和圆度误差的轧辊运动轨迹自适应控制方法。首先建立环轧有限元模型,计算环件偏移量和圆度误差;随后对现有软件进行二次开发,设计了基于偏移量的导向辊控制器、基于圆度误差的芯辊控制器、基于圆度误差的锥辊控制器,以及基于三种辊的综合控制器。结果分析表明,综合控制方法能克服单一控制的局限性,显著减小偏移量和圆度误差,有效提高环件轧制的稳定性。
中图分类号:
魏宽居, 李大永, 顾天虹, 杨雨童, 万剑平, 黄诗尧. 基于环件偏移量和圆度误差的轧辊运动轨迹自适应控制[J]. 中国机械工程, 2026, 37(7): 1763-1770.
WEI Kuanju, LI Dayong, GU Tianhong, YANG Yutong, WAN Jianping, HUANG Shiyao. Adaptive Control of Roll Motion Trajectory Based on Ring Offset and Roundness Error[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 37(7): 1763-1770.
| 参数名称 | 数值 | 参数名称 | 数值 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 环件目标内直径/mm | 395 | 导向辊半径/mm | 200 |
| 环件目标外直径/mm | 775 | 锥辊底半径/mm | 275.6 |
| 环件目标轴向高度/mm | 125 | 锥辊顶角/(°) | 32 |
| 环坯初始轴向高度/mm | 140 | 锥辊侧边长/mm | 1000 |
| 环坯初始外直径/mm | 680 | 芯辊半径/mm | 115 |
| 环坯初始内直径/mm | 250 | 驱动辊半径/mm | 525 |
表1 环件轧制建模主要参数
Tab.1 Main parameters of ring rolling modeling
| 参数名称 | 数值 | 参数名称 | 数值 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 环件目标内直径/mm | 395 | 导向辊半径/mm | 200 |
| 环件目标外直径/mm | 775 | 锥辊底半径/mm | 275.6 |
| 环件目标轴向高度/mm | 125 | 锥辊顶角/(°) | 32 |
| 环坯初始轴向高度/mm | 140 | 锥辊侧边长/mm | 1000 |
| 环坯初始外直径/mm | 680 | 芯辊半径/mm | 115 |
| 环坯初始内直径/mm | 250 | 驱动辊半径/mm | 525 |
| w(Zn) | w(Mg) | w(Cu) | w(Zr) | w(Fe) | w(Al) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 2.3 | 1.2 | 0.15 | 0.05 | Bal. |
表2 Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金的成分(质量分数) (%)
Tab.2 Mass fraction of composition in Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy
| w(Zn) | w(Mg) | w(Cu) | w(Zr) | w(Fe) | w(Al) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 2.3 | 1.2 | 0.15 | 0.05 | Bal. |
| 设计值 | 模拟值 | 节点误差的标准差 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 外径 | 775.00 | 773.15 | 13.34 |
| 高度 | 125.00 | 125.81 | 3.12 |
表3 环件成品的尺寸和误差 (mm)
Tab.3 Comparison of finished ring size and error
| 设计值 | 模拟值 | 节点误差的标准差 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 外径 | 775.00 | 773.15 | 13.34 |
| 高度 | 125.00 | 125.81 | 3.12 |
| 控制方法 | 偏移量 | 圆度误差 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 轧制全程 | 轧制后期 | 轧制全程 | 轧制后期 | |
| 初始规划 | 6.20 | 6.95 | 13.23 | 20.32 |
| 导向辊运动控制 | 4.90 | 5.19 | 11.47 | 12.01 |
| 芯辊运动控制 | 4.81 | 5.43 | 11.58 | 11.31 |
| 锥辊运动控制 | 4.99 | 3.99 | 12.66 | 12.35 |
| 轧辊综合控制 | 3.33 | 2.69 | 10.98 | 10.42 |
表4 不同控制方法的环件偏移量与圆度误差 (mm)
Tab.4 The average values of offsets and roundness errors of different control methods
| 控制方法 | 偏移量 | 圆度误差 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 轧制全程 | 轧制后期 | 轧制全程 | 轧制后期 | |
| 初始规划 | 6.20 | 6.95 | 13.23 | 20.32 |
| 导向辊运动控制 | 4.90 | 5.19 | 11.47 | 12.01 |
| 芯辊运动控制 | 4.81 | 5.43 | 11.58 | 11.31 |
| 锥辊运动控制 | 4.99 | 3.99 | 12.66 | 12.35 |
| 轧辊综合控制 | 3.33 | 2.69 | 10.98 | 10.42 |
| 参数 | 轧制全程 | 轧制后期 |
|---|---|---|
| 初始规划的偏移量 | 6.20 | 6.95 |
| 初始规划的圆度误差 | 13.23 | 20.32 |
| 轧制时间延长的偏移量 | 4.56 | 4.92 |
| 轧制时间延长的圆度误差 | 11.08 | 12.56 |
表5 初始规划和轧制时间延长方案的偏移量和圆度误差 (mm)
Tab.5 Offset and roundness error of initial planning and rolling time extension scheme
| 参数 | 轧制全程 | 轧制后期 |
|---|---|---|
| 初始规划的偏移量 | 6.20 | 6.95 |
| 初始规划的圆度误差 | 13.23 | 20.32 |
| 轧制时间延长的偏移量 | 4.56 | 4.92 |
| 轧制时间延长的圆度误差 | 11.08 | 12.56 |
| 轧制全程 | 轧制后期 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 偏移量 | 优化前 | 4.56 | 4.92 |
| 优化后 | 2.79 | 2.85 | |
| 圆度误差 | 优化前 | 11.08 | 10.54 |
| 优化后 | 12.56 | 7.55 | |
表6 轧制时间延长方案的优化前后误差 (mm)
Tab.6 The errors before and after the optimization of the rolling time extension scheme
| 轧制全程 | 轧制后期 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 偏移量 | 优化前 | 4.56 | 4.92 |
| 优化后 | 2.79 | 2.85 | |
| 圆度误差 | 优化前 | 11.08 | 10.54 |
| 优化后 | 12.56 | 7.55 | |
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